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1、Unit1TextANewWordsorganizational[妺:g僴ai`zei巸nl]a.组织(上)的goal[g僽l]n.1.目的,目标;2.得分进球,球门objective[僢`d宔ktiv]n.目标,目的a.1.客观的,真实的;2.如实的,无偏见的accomplish[僠k媘pli嶿vt.完成(任务等)predict[pri`dikt]vt./vi.预言;预示accompany[僠k坢p僴i]vt.1.伴随,陪同;2.为...伴奏implement[`implim僴t]vt.实现;完成(任务等);履历(协定,诺言等)constraint[k僴`streint]n.1.强制;2.
2、强制因素,制约条件precedent[`presid僴t]n.先例,前例simplify[`simplifai]vt.简化tendency[`tend僴si]趋势,倾向managerial[妋噉僠d宨價i僱]a.1.经理的,管理人的;2.管理上的,经营上的maker[`meik僝n.制造者;制造商achievement[僠t巌:vm僴t]n.1.完成,达到;2.成就,成绩attain[僠tein]vt.达到;完成optimal['媝tim僱]a.最适宜的;最理想的suboptimization[s坆妺ptimai`zei巸n]n.局部最优化trade-off[`treid媐]n.1.权衡;2
3、.物物交换argue[`a:gju:]vt./vi.争辨,争论,辩论vt.1.说服;2.用辩论证明budget[`b坉宨t]n.预算vt.1.把...编入预算;2.安排,预定scheme[ski:m]n.计划,方案vt./vi.计划,策划define[di`fain]vt.1.解释,给...下定义;2.限定,规定multiple[`m坙tipl]a.多样的,复合的n.倍数profitability[妏r媐it僠biliti]n.赚钱,获利correctness[k僠rektnis]n.正确,正确性unintended[`坣in`tendid]a.非计划中的,非故意的ongoing[`媙`g僽
4、i匽a.进行中的,前进的entity[`entiti]n.1.存在,实体;2.统一性skilled[skild]a.熟练的;有技能的PhrasesandExpressionsintheway挡路;碍事tomakeaguessat猜测andthelike等等,诸如此类toseekto(inf.)追求,争取inpart部分地,在某种程度上pointofview观点WhatIsaDecision?Adecisionisachoicemadefromamongalternativecoursesofactionthatareavailable.Thepurposeofmakingadecisioni
5、stoestablishandachieveorganizationalgoalsandobjectives.Thereasonformakingadecisionisthataproblemexists,goalsorobjectivesarewrong,orsomethingisstandinginthewayofaccomplishingthem.Thusthedecision-makingprocessisfundamentaltomanagement.Almosteverythingamanagerdoesinvolvesdecisions,indeed,somesuggestth
6、atthemanagementprocessisdecisionmaking.Althoughmanagerscannotpredictthefuture,manyoftheirdecisionsrequirethattheyconsiderpossiblefutureevents.Oftenmanagersmustmakeabestguessatwhatthefuturewillbeandtrytoleaveasliltleaspossibletochance,butsinceuncertaintyisalwaysthere,riskaccompaniesdecisions.Sometim
7、estheconsequencesofapoordecisionareslight,atothertimestheyareserious.Choiceistheopportunitytoselectamongalternatives.Ifthereisnochoice,thereisnodecisiontobemade.Decisionmakingistheprocessofchoosing,andmanyd
