antimicrobial proteins and peptides

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1、AntimicrobialProteinsandIntroductoryarticlePeptidesArticleContents.IntroductionTomasGanz,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,California,USA.MucosalHostDefenceRobertILehrer,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,California,USA.Phagocytosis.Complement.DefensinsAntimicrobialproteinsandpeptidesa

2、reimportanteffectorsoftheinnateandadaptive.BactericidalPermeability-increasingProtein(BPI)armsoftheimmunesystem.Theyinterferewithmicrobialintegrityormetabolismby.Proteasestargetingstructuresornutrientsspecifictomicrobes..SecretoryPhospholipaseA2.LactoferrinIntroduction.Cathelicidins.O

3、therAntimicrobialPolypeptidesTheproductionofpolypeptidesthatdisruptmicrobialstructuresorinterferewithmicrobialmetabolismisacommonmeansofhostdefenceinanimalsandplants.tissuesproducesignallingmolecules(cytokines)thatmayAlthoughmicrobialandhoststructuressharemanyinducethesynthesisofaddit

4、ionalantimicrobialpolypep-features,antimicrobialpolypeptidesachievespecificitybytides.Concurrently,variousmicrobialorhost-derivedtargetingcomponentsthathostcellslack,byexploitingmoleculestriggeraninfluxofmobilebloodcellsintothedifferencesbetweencorrespondinghostandmicrobialinfectedarea.s

5、tructures,andbyselectivelyconcentratingpolypeptidesonmicrobialsurfaces.Somehostpeptidesreleaseoractivatelatentlyticenzymes(autolysins)oftheirmicrobialtargets,andtherebypotentiatetheirantimicrobialeffects.PhagocytosisSpecificmechanismstoprotectbystanderhostcellsfromdamageexist,andinclude

6、cell-associatedorsolublePhagocytesarespecializedhostdefencecellsthatcaningestmacromoleculesthatbindanddetoxifyantimicrobialmicrobesandexposethemtoantimicrobialsubstances.polypeptides.Twogeneraltypesofphagocytesexist:thepotentiallylong-Infectionorinjuryinducesproductionofsomeanti-lived

7、macrophagesandtheshort-livedgranulocytes.microbialpolypeptides.Fruitfly(Drosophilamelanoga-Maturegranulocytesaresmallerthanmacrophages,ster)mutantsunabletoinduceantimicrobialpeptidemanifestconsiderablylessproteinsynthesis,andcontainsynthesissuccumbtobacterialorfungalinfections.Evenabun

8、dantc