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1、TRAININGINTELLIGENTAGENTSUSINGHUMANINTERNETDATAELIZABETHSKLARyALAND.BLAIRzPABLOFUNESyJORDANPOLLACKyyDEMOLab,Dept.ofComputerScience,BrandeisUniversity,Waltham,MA02454-9110,USAE-mail:sklar,pablo,pollack@cs.brandeis.eduzDept.ofComputerScience,University
2、ofMelbourne,Parkville,Victoria,3052,AUSTRALIAE-mail:blair@cs.mu.oz.auWedescribeamethodfortrainingintelligentagentsusinghumandatacollectedatanovelInternetlearningsitewherehumansandsoftwareagentsplaygamesagainsteachother.Tofacilitatehumanlearning,itisd
3、esirabletoselectproperopponentsforhumanssothattheywilladvanceandnotbecomeboredorfrustrated.Intheworkpresentedhere,weusehumandataasthebasisforconstructingapopulationofgradedagents,sothatinfuturewecanchooseopponents(fromthispopulation)thatwillchallenge
4、individualhumanlearnersappropriately.Keywords:human-agentinteraction,neuralnetworks,learning1Introduction.Hiddeninsideeverymouseclickandeverykeystrokeisvaluableinformationthatcanbetapped,torevealsomethingofthehumanwhoenteredeachaction.Commercialprodu
5、ctslikeMicrosoftWordprovidecontextsensitivewizards"thatobservetheirusersandpopuptoassistwithcurrenttasks.Internetsitesalikealtavistarecognisekeywordsinsearchrequests,o eringalternatesugges-btionstohelpusershoneinondesiredinformation.Attheamazon.comb
6、ookstore,after ndingonetitle,otherbooksarerecommendedtouserswhomightbeinterestedinalternateorfollow-upreading.Onmanysites,advertisementswhichat rstseembenign,slowlyadapttheircontenttotheuser'sinput,subtlywooingunsuspectingsurfers.ahttp://www.altavist
7、a.combhttp://www.amazon.com1Dataminingtheclick-streamtocustomizetotheindividualuserisnothingnew.In1991,CypherdemonstratedEager",anagentthatlearnedtorecog-niserepetitivetasksinanemailapplicationando eredtojumpinandtake1overfortheuser.In1994,Maesusedm
8、achinelearningtechniquestotrainagentstohelpwithemail, lternewsmessagesandrecommendentertainment,5graduallygainingcon denceatpredictingwhattheuserwantstodonext.Theworkpresentedhereexaminestheseideasinthecontextofacom-8petitiveInternetlearningcommunity
