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1、纯猪粪堆肥发酵菌的分离、鉴定及效能比对摘要：为了筛选出能直接用于新鲜纯猪粪堆肥发酵的功能菌，从发酵猪粪中分离出8株可能对猪粪发酵有促进作用的菌株，对其进行16SrDNA分子生物学鉴定及同源性分析，确定其为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、肠杆菌属、包特氏菌属、拟诺卡氏菌属、微杆菌，分属于5个属、6个种。研究各菌应用于纯猪粪堆肥的催腐熟效果。结果表明：枯草芽孢杆菌和肠杆菌属可提高堆体发酵温度，增加高温持续时间（＞50℃）、降低腐熟后堆体水分含量，降低堆体发酵初期的pH值，增加全氮相对含量，加快C/N比的下降速度，促进堆肥腐熟进程，可作为纯猪粪堆肥发酵的优良菌种；地衣芽孢杆
2、菌提高堆体发酵温度，降低腐熟后堆体水分含量，加快C/N比的下降速度，但需在堆肥初期适当降低堆体温度，以提高其堆肥功效；拟诺卡氏菌属提高了堆体发酵温度，降低了堆体的水分含量，可作为纯猪粪发酵菌的辅助菌种使用；包特氏菌属和微杆菌可以提高堆体发酵温度，但其余各指标未见有明显的优势，故不建议作为纯猪粪发酵菌使用。关键词：堆肥16SrDNA鉴定猪粪细菌Isolation,identificationandeffectivenesscomparisonofcompostingpureswinemanurefermentationmicroorganismAbstract:In
3、ordertoscreenthestrainthatcanbeappliedinpureswinemanurecomposting,Eightstrains,whichcangrowinswinemanuremedium,havebeenseparatedfromcompostingmanure.Thoseisolatedstrainswerepreliminaryidentifiedinto5genera,6strainsbyapplyingthemethodof16SrDNAMolecularIdentifications,thosestrainswereBa
4、cillussubtilis,Enterobactersp.,Bacilluslicheniformis,Bordetellapetrii,Nocardiopsissp,Microbacteriumsp.Thematurityindicesofcompostingpureswinemanureinoculatingthosestrainswereinvestigatedrespectively,theresultsshowthatinoculatingstrainsBacillussubtilisandEnterobactersp.couldenhancethef
5、ermentationtemperatureattheinitialstage,enhancedurationtimeofhightemperature(50℃)andcontentoftotalnitrogen(T-N),reducemoistureandC/Nratios,alsoinitialpHvalue,promotecompostingprocess,Theyarethegoodbacteriatofermentedpureswinemanure;InoculatingstrainBacilluslicheniformiscouldenhancethe
6、fermentationtemperature,reducemoistureandC/Nratios,butitmusttobereducedthefermentationtemperatureappropriatelyduringcompostingattheinitialstagetoenhancetheeffectivenessofcomposting.AlsoinoculatingstrainNocardiopsissp.couldenhancethefermentationtemperature,reducethemoistureratio,soitco
7、uldbeappliedasanauxiliaryfermentingbacteria.ThoughinoculatingstrainsNocardiopsissp.andMicrobacteriumsp.couldenhancefermentationtemperature,butnosignificantdifferencewithothermaturityindices,notrecommendedforusingasfermentingbacteria.Keywords:composting;16SrDNA;identification;swinemanu
8、re;ba
