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1、TheRhetoricof PresidentObama’s InaugurationSpeechGenreAnalysisGenreAnalysisDefinitionofGenreTheoreticalBackgroundGenreAnalysisInthispart,PresidentObama’sinauguraladdresswillbeanalyzedintermsofgenre.Furthermore,atextanalysisandananalysisofhowthetextintheinauguraladd
2、ressisproduced,distributed,andinterpretedwillbemadetofindouthowthePresidentencouragestheAmericanpeople.ThedefinitionofgenreaccordingtoSwales,“isarecognizablecommunicativeeventcharacterizedbyasetofcommunicativepurposesidentifiedandmutuallyunderstoodbythemembersofthe
3、professionaloracademiccommunityinwhichitregularlyoccurs.Mostoftenitishighlystructuredandconventionalizedwithconstraintsonallowablecontributionsintermsoftheirintent,positioning,formandfunctionalvalue.Theseconstraints,however,areoftenexploitedbytheexpertmembersofthed
4、iscoursecommunitytoachieveprivateintentionswithintheframeworkofsociallyrecognizedpurposes.”[Bhatia,VijayK.:Analyzinggenre:Languageuseinprofessionalsettings(1998),p.13]DefiningGenre。Swales(1990:45-58)认为:“体裁”是交际事件的一种分类。Swales所说的交际事件,指的是那种“语言和(或)副语言起着重要的、不可缺少作用的交际事件”。
5、交际事件涉及多种因素:语篇本身及参与言语活动的人;语篇的功能和作用;产生和接受语篇的环境(含历史的和文化的背景)等。若把Swales所说的交际事件表述得更通俗一些,所谓交际事件就是按照特定目的和特定程式运用语言在社会生活中办事的实例。一般说来,“体裁”是实现交际目的的一种工具或媒介。因此,对语篇进行“体裁分析”,不能仅仅局限于对其语言特征或文体风格的描写,而应考虑其交际目的(秦秀白,1997)TheoryofgenreanalysisTomakeananalysisofanygenre,Bhatiasuggestsalist
6、ofstepsthatshouldbetakenintoconsideration:placingthegiventextinasituationalcontext.surveyingexistingliterature.refiningthesituational/contextualanalysis.selectingcorpus.studyingtheinstitutionalcontext.makingalinguisticanalysis.GenreanalysisofPresidentObama’sinaugur
7、aladdressThesituationintheUnitedStatesisquitespecialasthenationisinacrisisnotseensincetheGreatDepression.ThecontextofsocietyhashadaneffectonthecontentofPresidentObama’sinauguraladdress;severaltimesinhisaddress,thePresidentreferstotheconsequencesofthecrisisandencour
8、agesthepeopletomoveforward.LanguageandsocietyhaveaninfluenceononeanotherandthereforeitisnaturalthatthecrisisisamajorsubjectinthePresident’saddres
