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1、对请教主义的怀疑【EnglishAbstract】TheScarletLetterbyNathanielHawthorneisaclassicalnovelinAmericanliteratureinthe19thcentury.SincethefirstChinesetranslationofTheScarletLetterappearedinthe1950’sscholarsandreadersinthiscountryhaveshownanever-increasinginterestinhisworks.Itsimmortalenchantmentliesinnoto
2、nlyitscondemnationofthenegativeimpactofPuritansocietyonpeople’sspirit,butalsoitsaffirmationofgoodness.ThenovelaimsatcriticizingseverelyPuritanicalasceticism,suggestingHawthorne’sfurtherthinkingoverthe“originalsin”“goodandevil”“soulsalvation”“totaldepravity”byanalyzingthefourmaincharactersin
3、thenovel.Thenovelconcernstheconsequencecausedbythesinandpeople’sattitudetowardssinratherthanthesinitself.Hebelievesmancandogooddeedstogetridofevilinhisheart.【KeyWords】Puritanism;Humannature;Prynne;Dimmesdale;Roger;Pearl;thescarletletter【中文摘要】<<红字>>是十九世纪美国作家霍桑的成名作.自从本世纪五十年代被译介到我国以来,一直倍受读者的喜爱
4、.其不朽的魅力在于它不仅无情的鞭挞了清教法规对人性的践踏,更重要的是作者对人性的善的肯定.本文旨在通过小说中四位主要人物的分析,阐明作品所表现的深刻思想内涵:通过与邪恶的搏斗，人可以获得道德上的完善，从而批判了清教主义所倡导的“原罪”“善恶”“拯救灵魂”“彻底堕落”的说法：小说作者主要关心的是原罪导致的后果及人们对待原罪的态度，而不是罪孽本身，他认为由于爱而犯下罪过可以得到忏悔拯救。【关键字】清教法规；人性；白兰；丁梅斯代尔；齐灵沃斯；珍珠；红字A1．IntroductionTheScarletLetterisafamousAmericannovelwhoseauthor,N
5、athanielHawthorne,isconsideredtheleadingAmericannativefictionistofthe19thcentury.HawthornewasborninSalem,Massachusette,ofaprominentPuritanfamily,onJuly4,1804.“In1850hebroughtouthismasterpieceTheScarletLetter,thestoryofatriangularloveaffairincolonialAmerica.InthisnovelHawthornecondemnedthePu
6、ritanphilosophyoflife”[1]P49“Hisstoriesdisplayapsychologicalinsightintomoralisolationandhumanemotion.Hedistrustedtheclaimofobjectivereasontobeabletoarriveathumanlyrelevanttruth”[2]P53Hisshortstoriesandnovelincludes:TheMinister’sBlackVeil,TwiceToldTales,MossesfromanOldManse,TheHouseofTheSeve
7、nGables,TheMarbleFaun,amongwhichTheScarletLetteristhemostfamous.Thenovelisshortbutverymoving.Prynne,ayoungandbeautifulwoman,cametoNewEnglandtwoyearsbeforehishusband,anold,uglymanwhocannotgivePrynnelove.Prynne,thenfallsinlovewithDimmesdale,ayounghandsomec
