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1、非谓语动词用法回顾(明天交,)非谓语动词是高考重要考查项目一、牢记一些常用动词及特殊结构对其后的非谓语动词形式的不同要求。哪些动词后习惯接动词-ing形式作宾语(enjoy,miss,imagine,avoid,admit…)?哪些动词后习惯接动词不定式作宾语(offer,decide,afford,refuse,promise…)?哪些动词后既可接动词不定式又可接动词-ing形式,但含义有区别(regret,forget,try…)?有序数词thefirst/second…/last修饰名词或代词时,后面再跟非谓语动词作定语,用什么形式
2、?……二、了解各类非谓语动词不同的句法功能。如:动词不定式可用来表示目的或一种出乎意料的结果;动词-ing形式可用来表示一种伴随状态或顺其自然的结果。例如:Hefelloffthebike,breakinghisleftleg.(从车上摔下,腿受伤是很自然的事)Iwokeupinthemorningonlytofindallthegroundoutsidecoveredwithsnow.(下雪是意料之外的事情)三、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系。如果非谓语动词的逻辑主语是非谓语动词动作的发出者,即两者之间存在主谓关系,就用非谓语动词的主
3、动式,通常是动词-ing形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动式,通常是过去分词。例如:1)WalkinginthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.Walking短语与主语he是主谓关系,相当于Whenhewaswalkinginthefields…2)Drivenbyagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.Driven短语与主语farmers是动宾关系,相当于Becausefarmersared
4、rivenby…四、“连词+分词”结构中,分词的形式同样取决于分词与与其逻辑主语(通常即句子的主语)的关系,同第四点所述。1)Nomatterhowfrequently___performed_____(perform),theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.2)While__waiting______(wait)forthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithmysisteraboutherwork.Key:1)performed;2)waiting五、了解非谓语动词所表
5、示的时间概念,如:不定式通常表示将要发生的动作,动词-ing形式表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经被完成的动作。如果一个动作发生在另一个动作之前,发生在先的动作要用非谓语动词的完成式。1)TheTownHall_completed_______(complete)inthe1800swasthemostwell-knownbuildingatthattime.2)Themeeting__tobeheld______(hold)tomorrowisofgreatimportance.3)Atthebeginningofclass,then
6、oiseofdesks__beingopenedandclosed_____(openandclose)couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.4)Afterfinishingherwork,shewenthome.(Afterfinishing可改为__Havingfinished______)5)ItissaidthathehasgonetoAustralia.(该句可改为Heissaid__tohavegone______toAustralia.)【回放一】1.Billsuggested______ameet
7、ingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.(09上海)A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold2.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic______smoothly.(09全国II)A.beingrunB.runC.torunD.running3.Themessageisveryimportant,soitissupposed______assoonaspossible.(08陕西)A.tobesentB.tosendC.bei
8、ngsentD.sending4.–Thelastone______paysthemeal.–Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving【回放二