微观仿真在城市停车设施规划中的应用（中英文对照） 外文文献翻译中文资料

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1、外文资料原文PlanningurbancarparkprovisionusingMicrosimulationTheprovisionofavailablecarparkingisoneofthemostcontentiousissuesforcitydrivers.Carparkspacescanbehardtofindandexpensivetouse.Theremaybequeuestogetintothemostconvenientcarparkswhichrequiredriverstomoveontoalternativecarparks.So

2、mecitycentretradersregardthelackofsuitablecarparkingasasignificantreasonforshopperstopreferoutoftownshoppingcentres.InNewHavenConnecticut,Gov.Rowlandataceremonycelebratingtherenovationofthecity’slargestcarparkin2002declared:‘ifyoudon’thaveparking,nothingelseworks’.Carparkhunting,t

3、hecirculationofdriverslookingforaparkingspace,canbeamajorcontributiontocitycentrecongestion.Theproportionofcarssearchingforaspacewasfoundtobe26%whensurveyedinManhattanin2006,whileinBrooklynitwas45%.Thesituationisnotnew.In1927,asimilarsurveyinDetroitfoundthefigurestobe19%and34%inse

4、paratelocations.Thislongstandingproblemmayatlastbeassistedbytechnology.WhileiPhoneuserscannownotifyeachotherasspacesbecomeavailable,trafficplannerscannowtakeadvantageofrecentdevelopmentsintrafficmodelling,whichdemonstratethatcarparkaccesscanbeincludedinroadtrafficsimulationmodelst

5、osupportthedesignprocess.Carparklocationinurbanplanningpolicyislargelyconcernedwithoptimisingtherelationshipbetweencarparks,driversandtheirdestinations.Chargingregimesmaybeusedtoreducelocalisedinconveniencecausedbyparkedcarsandtofavouroneclassofdriveroveranotherinallocatingspaces.

6、Theperceivedbenefitsincludeimprovementstoacity’scommercialcentrethroughbetteraccessibilityforthetargetconsumer.Policiesmaybesupply-ledbyactivelymanagingspacesordemand-ledbysimplyincreasingthenumberofspaces.Increasingly,activemanagementpoliciesareusedtorationspacesandencouragesusta

7、inabletravelpatterns.Accessibilityofcarparksisaddressedinroaddesignguidelines.UKDepartment14forTransportadviceonparkingguidanceandinformationsystemsincludesreportsofcasestudiesthatshowthattherearequantifiablebenefitstobederivedfrominstallingvariablemessagesignsindicatingcarparking

8、spaceavailabilty.Benefitsaredescr