汽车专业英语(幻灯片)chapter 3 engine(2.6)

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1、Gasoline:Gasolinemustvaporizeeasily.Thischaracteristic,calledvolatility,isimportant.However,itmustnotvaporizetooeasily,oritwillturntovaporinsidethefueltankorfuellines.Insidethefuelline,fuelvapormayblocktheflowofliquidgasoline.Thisiscalledvaporlock.Vaporlock

2、iscommoninfuellineswheretheinletsideofthepumpisexposedtohightemperatures.汽油应易于蒸发，这个重要的特性称为挥发性。但是汽油也不能挥发得过快，不然它会在油箱或油管里转变为蒸气。在油管中汽油蒸气会阻碍液态汽油的流动，这称为气阻。汽油泵的入口处承受着高温，就经常出现气阻。Increasingthepressureofthefuelmixtureinthecombustionchamberbeforeignitionhelpstoincreas

3、ethepowerofanengine.Thisisdonebycompressingthefuelmixturetoasmallervolume.Highercompressionratiosnotonlyboostpowerbutalsogivemoreefficientpower.Butasthecompressionratiogoesup,knockingtendencyincreases.在点火前增加燃烧室内可燃混合气的压力有助于提高发动机的功率，这是通过把可燃混合气压缩到一个极小的体积来实现的。高

4、的压缩比不仅增加发动机的功率，而且会带来更多的有效功率。但随着压缩比的增加，爆震的可能性也会增加。2)gasoline:3)gasoline:Twoprimarystandardreferencefuels,normalheptaneandiso-octanearbitrarilyassigned0and100octanenumber,respectively,arethenblendedtoproducethesameknockintensityasthetestsample.Thepercentageof

5、isooctaneinblendisconsideredtheoctanenumberofthetestsample.Thus,ifthematchingreferenceblendismadeupof15%n-heptaneand85%isooctane,thetestsampleisrated85motororresearchoctanenumber,accordingtothetestmethodused.两种基准参考燃料正庚烷和异辛烷分别被定义成辛烷值为0和辛烷值为100，将它们混合产生与实验样本相等

6、敲缸强度的爆震。混合物中异辛烷的百分比就认为是实验样本的辛烷值。这样，依照实验方法，如果匹配的混合物由15%的正庚烷和85%异辛烷组成，那么按照所用的实验方法，实验样本的辛烷值就被认为是85。Basicwords(1):fueltank油箱fuelfilter汽油滤清器fuelpump汽油泵Carburetor(mix)化油器airfilter空气滤清器burnFueltankFuellineFuelpumpFuelfiltercarburetorairfilter4)Fuelpump:Mostcarstod

7、ayhaveamechanicalfuelpump.Thispumpsfueloutofthetankandthroughthefuellinestothecarburetororinjectionsystem.Inmostcars,thepumpismountedontheengineblock.Somecarshaveanelectricfuelpump.Thispumpmountsinthefueltankwiththefuelpickupandthefuel-gauge-sendingunit.当前大

8、多数汽车采用机械汽油泵，汽油泵从油箱抽出汽油，通过油管送到化油器或喷射系统。大部分汽车的汽油泵安装在缸体上。一些汽车采用电动汽油泵，汽油泵安装在油箱中，附带有油量传感器和燃油表油量传送装置。diaphragmspringRockerarminletportoutletportdiaphragm5)Fuelpump:Therotationofthelobemovesarockerarminthepum