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1、高中生物必修三知识点汇编（Highschoolbiologyrequiredthreepointsofknowledgecompilation）HighschoolbiologyrequiredthreepointsofknowledgecompilationChapter1I.theenvironmentinwhichcellslive:1,singlecell(suchasParamecium)directmaterialexchangewiththeexternalenvironment2,mu
2、lticellularanimalsusetheinternalenvironmentasthemediumfortheexchangeofsubstancesNourishmentO2nourishmentO2Externalenvironment,plasma,tissue,fluid,cell(internalfluid)Metabolicwastes,CO2,lymphaticmetabolites,waste,CO2internalenvironmentExtracellularfluid,
3、alsoknownastheinternalenvironment(thematerialexchangebetweencellsandtheexternalenvironment)TheinternalenvironmentofbloodcellsisplasmaTheinternalenvironmentoflymphocytesislymphTheinternalenvironmentofthecapillarywallisplasmaandtissuefluidTheinternalenvir
4、onmentofcapillarylymphaticvesselsislymphandtissuefluid3.Thecompositionandcontentoftissuefluidandlympharesimilartothatofplasma,butnotthesame.Themaindifferenceisthattheplasmacontainsmoreprotein,whilethelymphproteincontentinthetissuefluidisless.4,thephysic
5、alandchemicalpropertiesoftheinternalenvironment:osmoticpressure,pH,temperatureTheplasmaosmoticpressureismainlyrelatedtothecontentofinorganicsaltsandproteins;Na+andcl-arepredominantininorganicsaltsExtracellularfluidosmolalitywasabout770kpa,equivalenttoin
6、tracellularosmoticpressure;Theplasmaofnormalsubjectsisnearneutral,PHis7.35-7.45,whichisrelatedtoHCO3-andHPO42-plasma;Thebodytemperatureismaintainedataround370C(usuallynomorethan10C).Two,theimportanceofhomeostasis:1,thesteadystatereferstothenormalorganis
7、mthroughregulatingrole,makeeachorgansystemcoordinateactivities,togethermaintaintherelativestablestateoftheinternalenvironment.TheinternalenvironmentalcomponentsarerelativelystableInternalenvironmentalsteadytemperatureTherelativestabilityofpH(PH)ofphysic
8、alandchemicalpropertiesofinternalcirculationosmoticpressureThebasisofhomeostasisisthecoordinatedandnormaloperationoftheorgansystemsRegulatingmechanism:nervehumoralimmunitySteadystaterelatedsystems:digestive,respiratory,circulator
