modelling of the environmental distribution and fate …

《modelling of the environmental distribution and fate …》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、ModellingoftheEnvironmentalDistributionandFateofPersistentOrganicPollutantsonaNational,EuropeanandGlobalScale(EPG1/3/169).AndyJ.Sweetman,KonstantinosPrevedouros,NickFarrar,FodayJawardandKevinC.JonesDepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,InstituteofEnvironmental

2、andNaturalSciencesLancasterUniversity,Lancaster,LA14YQ,UKPhone:01524-593972Fax:01524-593985Email:a.sweetman@lancaster.ac.ukExecutivesummaryThefateandbehaviourofpersistentorganicpollutants(POPs)intheenvironmenthasattractedconsiderablescientificandpolitical

3、interest,arisingfromconcernoverhumanexposuretothesechemicalsandtheirdiscoveryinpristineenvironmentsfarfromsourceregions.TheabilityofcertainPOPstoundergolongrangeatmospherictransport(LRAT)hasresultedinthenegotiationofprotocols(e.g.UN/ECE,UNEP)fortheirreduc

4、tionorelimination,toreducetheriskstoregionalandglobalenvironments.AnumberofchemicalsarecurrentlybeinginvestigatedforinclusionontheUN/ECEPOPsprotocollistofprioritycompounds.ThedevelopmentofsuchprotocolsrecognisestheregionalandglobalnatureofmanyPOPcompounds

5、.Thisimpliesthatcontrolofsuchchemicalsrequiresmulti-lateralagreements.However,thecontrolandreductionofprimarysourcesofsuchcompoundsisonlypartoftheprocessastheremaystillbediffuseandsecondarysourcesthatneedtobeidentifiedandquantified.Thereforeacompletesourc

6、einventoryandanunderstandingisthemulti-mediafateandbehaviourofindividualPOPsisessentialifeffectivecontrolistobeachieved.LancasterUniversityhasdevelopedanumberofmodellingtoolsthatcanbeusedtoinvestigatethepotentialenvironmentalimpactofexistingandcandidatePO

7、Ps.ThemostrecentmodeldevelopmentisaregionallysegmentedmultimediafatemodelcoveringtheEuropeancontinent.Thismodelhasbeendesignedtoexaminetheenvironmentalfateandbehaviourofawiderangeofchemicalsandtoinvestigateanumberofemissionscenariosandsourcereductionstrat

8、egies.Itcanalsobeusedasapredictivetooltoidentifypotentiallyimportantsinksandforestimatingthepotentialforlong-rangeatmospherictransport.Modelssuchasthiscanbehelpfulinunderstandingthemovementfromsourcetosinks.Theycani