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1、NationalAmbientAirQualityStandards(NAAQS)TheCleanAirAct,whichwaslastamendedin1990,requiresEPAtosetNationalAmbientAirQualityStandards(40CFRpart50)forpollutantsconsideredharmfultopublichealthandtheenvironment.TheCleanAirActestablishedtwotypesofnationalairqualitystandards.Primarystandardsse
2、tlimitstoprotectpublichealth,includingthehealthof"sensitive"populationssuchasasthmatics,children,andtheelderly.Secondarystandardssetlimitstoprotectpublicwelfare,includingprotectionagainstdecreasedvisibility,damagetoanimals,crops,vegetation,andbuildings.TheEPAOfficeofAirQualityPlanningand
3、Standards(OAQPS)hassetNationalAmbientAirQualityStandardsforsixprincipalpollutants,whicharecalled"criteria"pollutants.Theyarelistedbelow.Unitsofmeasureforthestandardsarepartspermillion(ppm)byvolume,partsperbillion(ppb-1partin1,000,000,000)byvolume,milligramspercubicmeterofair(mg/m3),andmi
4、crogramspercubicmeterofair(µg/m3).NationalAmbientAirQualityStandards PrimaryStandardsSecondaryStandardsPollutantLevelAveragingTimeLevelAveragingTimeCarbonMonoxide9ppm(10mg/m3)8-hour(1)None35ppm(40mg/m3)1-hour(1)Lead0.15µg/m3(2)Rolling3-MonthAverageSameasPrimary1.5µg/m3QuarterlyAverageSam
5、easPrimaryNitrogenDioxide53ppb(3)Annual(ArithmeticAverage)SameasPrimary100ppb1-hour(4)NoneParticulateMatter(PM10)150µg/m324-hour(5)SameasPrimaryParticulateMatter(PM2.5)15.0µg/m3Annual(6)(ArithmeticAverage)SameasPrimary35µg/m324-hour(7)SameasPrimaryOzone0.075ppm(2008std)8-hour(8)SameasPri
6、mary0.08ppm(1997std)8-hour(9)SameasPrimary0.12ppm1-hour(10)SameasPrimarySulfur0.03ppmAnnual0.5ppm3-hour(1)Dioxide(ArithmeticAverage)0.14ppm24-hour(1)75ppb(11)1-hourNone(1)Nottobeexceededmorethanonceperyear.(2)FinalrulesignedOctober15,2008.(3)TheofficialleveloftheannualNO2standardis0.053p
7、pm,equalto53ppb,whichisshownhereforthepurposeofclearercomparisontothe1-hourstandard(4)Toattainthisstandard,the3-yearaverageofthe98thpercentileofthedailymaximum1-houraverageateachmonitorwithinanareamustnotexceed100ppb(effectiveJanuary22,2010).(5)Nottobeexceededmorethanonce
