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1、蝿衿芈蒆羁肅芄蒅蚁羈膀蒄螃膃肆蒃袅羆莅蒂薅膂芁蒁蚇羄膇薀蝿膀肃薀袂羃莁摘要(摘要目前生产甲醇的主要原料是煤和天然气,甲醇的生产工艺过程分为合成气(氢和一氧化碳)的制造、甲醇的合成和精制3部分。用煤和焦炭制甲醇的工艺路线包括燃料的气化、气体的脱硫、变换、脱碳及甲醇合成与精制。本文设计了甲醇的合成和精馏工艺,设计中采用低压法中的I.C.I法合成甲醇,采用双效法三塔粗甲醇精馏工艺来对粗甲醇进行精馏。低压甲醇合成工艺流程是指采用低温、低压和高活性铜基催化剂,在5MPa左右压力下,由合成气合成甲醇的工艺流程。本设计采用ICI法合成甲醇,催化剂为铜基催化剂,其活性组分
2、是Cu和ZnO,该催化剂的活性高。合成反应的温度较低,在(230-270℃),操作压力较低(5-10MPa),广泛用于甲醇合成。本设计中精馏工艺采用双效法三塔粗甲醇精馏工艺,与双塔精馏相比三塔精馏可以提高甲醇的质量和收率,并且可以降低蒸汽消耗。本设计中计算了甲醇生产过程中的合成工段和精馏工段,对其进行了物料衡算和热量衡算,并对甲醇水冷器进行了设备选型计算。在设计过程中绘制了合成和精馏工段的设备一览表和物料流程图,并绘制了合成工段的PID图、设备布置图和管道布置图。关键词:甲醇I.C.I低压法双效法三塔粗甲醇精馏AbstractCurrentlythemai
3、nrawmaterialproductionofmethanolwasfromcoalandnaturalgas,methanolproductionprocesswasdistinguishedintothreeparts,suchastheproductionofsynthesisgas(hydrogenandcarbonmonoxide),synthesisandrefiningofmethanol.inthemanufactureofmethanolsynthesisandcoalandcokemanufacturingprocessroutewe
4、reincludedmethanolfuelgasification,gasdesulfurization,transformation,decarburizationandmethanolsynthesisandpurification.Thisdesignformethanolsynthesisanddistillationprocess,thedesignoftheICIlowpressuremethanolsynthesis,double-followthreetowerstocrudemethanoldistillationofcrudemeth
5、anoldistillation.Low-pressuremethanolsynthesisprocesswastheuseoflow-temperature,lowpressureandhighactivitycopper-basedcatalyst,in5MPaaboutpressure,synthesisgasfromthemethanolsynthesisprocess.ThisdesignwasusedICImethanolsynthesiscatalystforthecopper-basedcatalyst;theactivecomponent
6、isCuandZnO,thecatalystofhighactivity.Reactiontemperaturewaslower,at(230~270℃),lowoperatingpressure(5-10Mpa),whichwidelyusedinmethanolsynthesis.Thedesignofdoubledistillationprocessofcrudemethanoldistillationprocesstofollowthreetowers,distillationtowers,whichcomparedwiththreetowersd
7、istillationofmethanolcanimprovethequalityandyield,andreducesteamconsumption.Thedesigncalculationsformethanolsynthesissectionintheproductionprocessanddistillationsteps,wasthematerialbalanceandheatbalance,andmethanolandwatercoolersoftheequipmentsizing.Inthedesignprocesstodrawthesynt
8、hesisanddistillationsectioninthel