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1、目前生产甲醇的主要原料是煤和天然气，甲醇的生产工艺过程分为合成气(氢和一氧化碳)的制造、甲醇的合成和精制3部分。用煤和焦炭制甲醇的工艺路线包括燃料的气化、气体的脱硫、变换、脱碳及甲醇合成与精制。木文设计了甲醇的合成和精憎工艺，设计中采用低压法中的I.C.I法合成甲醇，采用双效法三塔粗甲醇精憎工艺来对粗甲醇进行精锚。低压甲醇合成工艺流程是指采用低温、低压和高活性铜基催化剂，在5MPa左右压力下，由合成气合成甲醇的工艺流程。本设计采用ICI法合成甲醇，催化剂为铜基催化剂，其活性组分是Cu和ZnO,该催化剂的活性高。合成反应的温度较低，在(2
2、30-270°C),操作压力较低(5-10MPa),广泛用于甲醇合成。本设计中精憎工艺采用双效法三塔粗甲醇精憎工艺，与双塔精憎相比三塔精憎可以提高甲醇的质量和收率，并且可以降低蒸汽消耗。木设计屮计算了甲醇生产过程屮的合成工段和精锚工段，对其进行了物料衡算和热量衡算，并对甲醇水冷器进行了设备选型计算。在设计过程中绘制了合成和精傭工段的设备一览表和物料流程图，并绘制了合成工段的PID图、设备布置图和管道布置图。关键词：甲醇I.C.I低压法双效法三塔粗甲醇精憎AbstractCurrentlythemainrawmaterialproduct
3、ionofmethanolwasfromcoalandnaturalgas,methanolproductionprocesswasdistinguishedintothreeparts,suchastheproductionofsynthesisgas(hydrogenandcarbonmonoxide),synthesisandrefiningofmethanol.inthemanufactureofmethanolsynthesisandcoalandcokemanufacturingprocessroutewereinclude
4、dmethanolfuelgasification,gasdesulfurization,transformation,decarburizationandmethanolsynthesisandpurification.Thisdesignformethanolsynthesisanddistillationprocess,thedesignoftheICIlowpressuremethanolsynthesis,double-followthreetowerstocrudemethanoldistillationofcrudemet
5、hanoldistillation.Low-pressuremethanolsynthesisprocesswastheuseoflow-temperature,lowpressureandhighactivitycopper-basedcatalyst,in5MPaaboutpressure,synthesisgasfromthemethanolsynthesisprocess.ThisdesignwasusedICImethanolsynthesiscatalystforthecopper-basedcatalyst;theacti
6、vecomponentisCuandZnO,thecatalystofhighactivity.Reactiontemperaturewaslower,at(230〜270°C),lowoperatingpressure(5-10Mpa),whichwidelyusedinmethanolsynthesis.Thedesignofdoubledistillationprocessofcrudemethanoldistillationprocesstofollowthreetowers,distillationtowers,whichco
7、mparedwiththreetowersdistillationofmethanolcanimprovethequalityandyield,andreducesteamconsumption.Thedesigncalculationsformethanolsynthesissectionintheproductionprocessanddistillationsteps,wasthematerialbalanceandheatbalance,andmethanolandwatercoolersoftheequipmentsizing
8、.Inthedesignprocesstodrawthesynthesisanddistillationsectioninthelistofequipmentandmaterialflow,andwasma
