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1、Driveforcecontrolofaparallel-serieshybridsystemAbstractSinceeachcomponentofahybridsystemhasitsownlimitofperformance,thevehiclepowerdependsontheweakestcomponent.Soitisnecessarytodesignthebalanceofthecomponents.Thevehiclemustbecontrolledtooperatewithintheperformancerangeofallthecompo
2、nents.Wedesignedthespecificationsofeachcomponentbackwardfromtherequireddriveforce.Inthispaperwedescribeacontrolmethodforthemotortorquetoavoiddamagetothebattery,whenthebatteryisatalowstateofcharge.SocietyofAutomotiveEngineersofJapan,Inc.andElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.1.Intr
3、oductionInrecentyears,vehicleswithinternalcombustionengineshaveincreasinglyplayedanimportantroleasameansoftransportation,andarecontributingmuchtothedevelopmentofsociety.However,vehicleemissionscontributetoairpollutionandpossiblyevenglobalwarming,whichrequireeffectivecountermeasures
4、.Variousdevelopmentsarebeingmadetoreducetheseemissions,butnofurtherlargeimprovementscanbeexpectedfrommerelyimprovingthecurrentenginesandtransmissions.Thus,greatexpectationsarebeingplacedonthedevelopmentofelectric,hybridandnaturalgas-drivenvehicles.Judgingfromcurrentlyapplicabletech
5、nologies,andthecurrentlyinstalledinfrastructureofgasolinestations,inspectionandservicefacilities,thehybridvehicle,drivenbythecombinationofgasolineengineandelectricmotor,isconsideredtobeoneofthemostrealisticsolutions.Generallyspeaking,hybridsystemsareclassifiedasseriesorparallelsyst
6、ems.AtToyota,wehavedevelopedtheToyotaHybridSystem(hereinafterreferredtoastheTHS)bycombiningtheadvantagesofbothsystems.InthissensetheTHScouldbeclassifiedasaparallel-seriestypeofsystem.SincetheTHSconstantlyoptimizesengineoperation,emissionsarecleanerandbetterfueleconomycanbeachieved.
7、Duringbraking,Kineticenergyisrecoveredbythemotor,therebyreducingfuelconsumptionandsubsequentCO2emissions.EmissionsandfueleconomyaregreatlyimprovedbyusingtheTHSforthepowertrainsystem.However,theTHSincorporatesengine,motor,batteryandothercomponents,eachofwhichhasitsownparticularcapab
8、ility.Inotherwords,thedriv
