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1、山东科技大学学士学位论文附录：英文文献与翻译TheProjectCycleIfthequestion,”Whatdoestheworldbankdo?”hadtobeansweredinafewwords,thosewordswouldbe:”Itlendsfordevelopmentprojects.”TheWorldBank'smainbusiness,thatis,loanstothosewhohavebeencarefullyselectedandpreparedacomprehensiveassessmentof,andstrictsupervisionaswell
2、asthesystematicevaluationoftheparticularitem.BankforReconstructionandDevelopmentsincetheirinceptionin1946,anditssubsidiary'ssoftlendinginstitutions-theInternationalDevelopmentAssociation(theIDA,1961operationwasputintooperation),togetherprovidedatotalof3094Tforthehardwareprojectdevelopmentlo
3、ansandsoftloans,thetotalhasmorethan92billionU.S.dollars.Thevastmajorityoftheseloans,thatis,morethan90%forspecificprojectssuchasschools,agriculturalproductionplanning,dam,roadconstruction,andfertilizerplants.TheBankwillfocusonprojectloans,theWorldBanktoensurethatfundsareinvestedreliable,prod
4、uctiveprincipleoftheproject.Theseprojectscanpromoteeconomicdevelopmentinborrowingcountries,butalsotakingintoaccounttheabilitytorepayloans.WorldBankisadevelopmentagencies,butalsoafinancialinstitution,theloanforeachprojectmustbeconsistentwiththecharacteristicsofthedual.Inrecentyears,thenumber
5、ofitemsandamountsofloanshavesignificantgrowth.Intheearly50,theWorldBank'sannualloansoflessthan20pens,atotalamountofabout400millionU.S.dollars,andthevastmajorityconcentratedinEuropeandLatinAmerica;inthe1967financialyear,atotalof67loanstotaling1.1billionU.S.dollars;inJune1986ringthefinancialy
6、ear,山东科技大学学士学位论文approvedaloanfor246pens,thetotalamountofupto12.3billionU.S.dollars,respectively,to90countries.Therehasbeennolessachangeinthecharacterofprojects.Fromlendingcountries,developmentstrategyandprojectdesignofloans,theWorldBankLoanofthegrowingtendencytodevelop.-Borrowingcountries:a
7、gradualshiftofloansinAsia,AfricaandLatinAmerica,povertyandtheleastdevelopedcountries.-Developmentstrategy:theso-calledprogressive'stheory,thateconomicgrowthwilleventuallybenefitthebroadmassesofthepoor,theWorldBankhasbeenamorereasonablewaytoreplaceitsurba
