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时间:2018-07-15
《俄罗斯核动力破冰船-亚马尔号资料》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、TheYamal-aNuclearPoweredIcebreakerTheYamalisanuclearpoweredicebreakerplannedandstartedunderconstructioninSovietEraRussia.SheistheyoungestoffiveArktikaclassshipsbuiltfromthemid1970's.Herkeelwaslaidin1986inSt.Petersburg,bythetimeshewaslaunchedinOctober1992com
2、munismhadcollapsedinRussia.LikemanyotherRussianicebreakers,theYamalisnowcharteredoutonotheroperations,particularlyfortouriststoearnmuchneedforeigncurrency.Theoriginalpurposeofbeingusedtokeepnorthernnavigationalroutesopenduringthewinter,isnowlessimportant.Fo
3、rtheirsize,theArktikaclassshipsareamongstthemostpowerfulandsophisticatedeverbuilt.Thename"Yamal"means"EndoftheEarth"itisalsoappliedtotheYamalPeninsulaforthesamereason.BuiltentirelyforserviceintheArcticseas,theYamalisunabletovoyagetotheAntarcticbecauseofherc
4、oolingsystem.Thisrequiresthatitbesuppliedwithcoldseawatertooperateproperly,iftheshipweretovoyagetoAntarcticaitwouldhavetocrosstheequatorandsailthroughthetropicswherethewaterismostdefinitelywarm.HencetheYamalandhersistershipsareconfinedtotheNorthernpolarregi
5、on.TheYamalisoneofthefewicebreakersthathavesailedtotheNorthPolehavingdonesoforamillennialcruisearrivingintimeforthe1stofJanuary2000withacomplimentofpayingpassengers.SpecificationsLength:150m(136matthewaterline),Breadth:30m(28matthewaterline),Draft:11.08m,He
6、ight:keeltomasthead55m.·Displacement:23,455tonnes.·Powerissuppliedbytwopressurizedwaternuclearreactors,eachcontains245enricheduraniumfuelrods.Eachreactorweighs160tonnesandareinaclosedcompartmentunderreducedpressure-intheeventofaleak,theleakwouldbeinandnotou
7、t.·Maximumfueluseis300gofheavyuraniumisotopesperdaywhenbreakingthickice.Reactorshold500kgeachwhenfullyfuelled,enoughforabout5years.·Thereactorsareshieldedbysteel,highdensityconcreteandwater.Thenuclearchainreactioncanbestoppedin0.6sbyfullinsertionofthecontro
8、lrods.·Radiationontheshipismonitoredby86sensorsthroughoutthevesselfromwithinthereactorcompartmenttoaccommodationareas.·Thereactorcoresareusedtoheatwaterupandproducepressurizedsteamat30kgcm2.Eachreactor
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