the negligence principle - university of florida过失原则-佛罗里达大学

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1、THENEGLIGENCEPRINCIPLEA.ComponentsofaNegligenceClaimB.FaultLiabilityBrownv.KendallC.TheStandardofCare1.UnreasonableRisk(i)CreationofRiskAdamsv.Bullock(ii)CalibrationoftheStandardofCareUnitedStatesv.CarrollTowingCo.2.TheReasonablePersonBethelv.NewYorkCityTransitAuthority(i)DangerousInstrum

2、entalities(ii)PhysicalDisabilities(iii)MentalabilityDiminishedcapacityImbecilityInsanityIntoxication(iv)Children(v)Elderly(vi)Beginners(vii)EmergencyDoctrineD.TheRolesofJudgeandJuryBaltimore&OhioRailroadCo.v.Goodman29Pokorav.WabashRailwayCo.Andrewsv.UnitedAirlinesInc.E.ParticularizingtheS

3、tandardofCare1.TheRoleofCustomTrimarcov.Klein2.TheRoleofStatutes(i)ViolationasnegligenceperseMartinv.Herzog(1)Requirementsforstatutetoapply(a)Classofpersonsprotected(b)Relevance(c)Obsoleteness(ii)ExceptionsTedlav.Ellman(1)Justificationsfornon-compliance–defensestonegligenceperse(a)Greater

4、riskofharm(b)Inabilityorreasonableattempttocomply(c)Emergency(2)Limitationstocomplianceasadefenseagainstnegligence(iii)LicensingStatutesF.ProofofNegligence1.ConstructiveNoticeNegriv.StopandShoptInc.Gordonv.AmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory(i)HistoricalEvidence29(ii)BusinessPracticeRule2.ResI

5、psaLoquitur(i)Requirements:ExclusiveControl,SeldomOccursByrnev.Boadle(ii)NegatingOtherCauses:MoreLikelyThanNotMcDougaldv.Perry(iii)TwoApproaches:InferenceofNegligencevs.RebuttablePresumption(iv)SpoliationofEvidence:SpoliationTort(v)Automobiles:Negligenceperse(vi)MultipleDefendants:Special

6、RelationshipYbarrav.Spangard(California,1944)(vii)PleadingorProvingSpecificNegligence(viii)Defendant’sRebuttal:DueCarevs.DisprovingaRequirementD.MedicalMalpractice1.RefinedStandardofCare:ConformitywithCommonPracticeSheelyv.MemorialHospital(i)Differingschoolsofthought(ii)Specialistsheldtoa

7、higherstandard(iii)Needforexperttestimony(a)Standard(b)NegligenceobvioustothelaypersonConnorsv.UniversityAssociatesinObstetrics&GynecologyInc.29(iv)InformedConsentMatthiesv.Mastromonaco29THENEGLIGENCEPRINCIPLEA.ComponentsofaNegligenceClaimDuty+Breach+Causation+Actua