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1、AStudyof“FourTreasuresofChineseStudy”1.IntroductionTraditionaltoolsandmaterialsofChinesecalligraphyarebasicallyevolvedfromwritingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinkstones,whichareusuallycalledas“Scholars’FourJewels”orthefourtreasuresofChinesestudy(SeePic.1).AsmostancientChinesescholarscouldwriteordraw
2、,ormanagebothoftheskills,theycouldnotlivewithoutthesefourtreasures.Thenameof“Chinesestudy”couldbetracedbacktotheSouthernandNorthernDynasties(420-589)inChinesehistoryandespeciallymeansscholars’studies.(Zhangetal,2008)Writingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinkstonesareusedinstudy,thereforepeoplepraiseth
3、efourobjectsasthefourtreasuresofChinesestudy.ExceptforthefourtreasuresofChinesestudy,studytoolsalsoincludeinkcartridges,inkandpenholders,penrackbeds,armrests,writingbrushwashers,booktowns,waterscoops,inkstones,sealboxes,cuttingknives,stamps,etc.(Zhangetal,2008)Pic.1FourtreasuresofChinesestudy.So
4、urce:http://www.nipic.com/show/4/141/3814957k671a5671.html）TilltheSongDynasty(960-1127),writingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinkstoneshavebecometheimportantwritingandpaintingtoolsinthestudy,archaeologycanalsoproveit.Forinstance,inthetombofXuJunoftheSouthernSongDynastyinFouzhoucity,FujianProvince,res
5、earchersfoundthewholesetofthefourtreasuresofChinesestudyasburialobjects.(Zhang,2004)AnotherexampleisthatonthewallpaintingZhangWenzao’sfamilytombintheLiaoDynastyinZhangjiakou,HebeiProvince,thereareseveralimagesaboutthewritingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinkstones.Thesefactspresentthatthefourtreasure
6、shavegraduallyformedabroadsocialpracticalbasisinsuchalonghistoryandfinallybecameaspecialwordintheSongDynasty.(Zhangetal,2008)Inordertoknowandresumetherelationsbetweenancientwritingandpaintingtoolswiththestudyandthescholars’behavior,peopleshouldfullyunderstandthemainlineofthedevelopmentofcalligra
7、phytools.Thispaperwillmakeanin-depthhistoricalresearchonthefourtreasuresofChinesestudy,analyzethehistoricaldevelopmentandcharacteristicsofthefourtools,besides,theauthorwillalsoconductaseriesofcasestudiesofthemostfamousrepres
