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1、法律文件中的近义和同义词论文摘要:本文就法律文件用词精确这一特点,探讨中英这类文件时经常遇到的近义和同义词问题,用实例印证,指出如何理解这些词,并根据法律用语要求传意精确的特点,如何选用文的词语,以保证入语与原语具有对等的法律含意和功能。关键词:近义和同义词;法律文件;入语;原语Abstract:ThisarticlediscussestheimportanceofthedictionofnglishilarmeaningsandsynonymsinthetranslationoflegaldocumentsfromChineseintonglish
2、,and,byanalyzingasamplingoftranslatedlegalclauses,triestopointoutthatcorrectnglishissionoftheirmeaninginrelationtotheirlegalfunctionsinbothsourceandtranslatedlanguages.KeyadameMichelfoundherselfinanembarrassingposition(米歇尔夫人发现她处境很尴尬);“负责人”应为“thepersoninaresponsibleposition”,即“处
3、于负责岗位上的人”。准此,此句可改为:Afteracontractbeeseffective,thepartiestheretoshallnotrefusetoperformtheobligationsofthecontractduetothemodificationofthetitleornameofthepartiesthereto,orthechangeofthestatutoryrepresentative,thepersoninaresponsiblepositionortheexecutivepersonofthepartiesthere
4、to..关于enlarge和increase的区别例:当事人一违约后,对应当采取适当措施防止损失的扩大,没有采取适当措施致使损失扩大的,不得就扩大的损失要求赔偿。原:Afteronepartyviolatesacontract,theotherpartyshalltakepropermeasurestopreventfromtheenlargementoflosses;iftheotherpartyfailstotakepropermeasuressothatthelossesareenlarged,itmaynotclaimanypensation
5、astotheenlargedlosses.原文中的“防止损失的扩大”应理解为“防止损失的增加”,因此成enlarge不妥,应为increase。根据《牛津现代高级英文辞典》的定义,enlarge意为makeorbeelarger(扩大,增大),比如,放大相片,enlargeaphotograph;扩建房屋,enlargeone’shouse。increase意为makeorbeegreaterinsize,number,degree,etc.即在尺寸、大小、数量、程度上的增加、增大、增多。“损失的扩大”意为“损失程度的增加”,故应为increase
6、。另,原中“from”和“asto”均系误,见改。此句可改为:Aftereitherpartyviolatesacontract,theotherpartyshalltakepropermeasurestopreventtheincreaseoftheloss.Providedthatiftheotherpartyfailstotakepropermeasuressothatthelossesareincreased,thepartyinquestionshallnotclaimanypensationinrelationtotheincreased
7、losses..关于package和packing的区别例:买卖合同的内容除依照本法第十二条的规定以外,还可以包括包装式、检验标准和法、结算式、合同使用的文字及其效力等条款。原:OtherthanthoseasstipulatedinArticleofthisLaayalsocontainsuchclausesaspackagemanner,inspectionstandardsandmethod,methodofsettlementandclearance,languageadoptedinthecontractanditsauthenticity
8、.原文中的“包装式”,不能成packagemanner,而应为mannerofpacking。这两个意思相近