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1、4评李约瑟<中国科学技术史>OnJosephNeedham’sScienceandCivilizationinChinaProfessorJosephNeedham’sScienceandCivilizationinChinaScienceandCivilizationinChina.<中国科学技术史>.JosephNeedham李约瑟著.Cambridge:CambridgePress英国剑桥大学出版社出版,1969年.isthesupremetextbookonthehistoryofscie
2、nceandtechnologyinChina.李约瑟教授所著<中国科学技术史>,登峰造极,空前绝后教科书也.IttracesanddocumentsinventionsandtheoriesofChinesescienceandtechnologyinChinesehistory,establishesandcreditstheirpriorityoftencomparedwithWesternscienceandtechnology.Forexample,thetheoryofthecircu
3、lationofbloodinthehumanbodypredatedDavy.“TheHistoryandRationaleofAcupunctureandMoxibustion”byDrLUGwei-DjenandProfessorJosephNeedham,inScienceinTraditionalChina:aComparativePerspective,byJosephNeedham,Cambridge,Mass:HarvardUniversityPress,andHongKong:T
4、heChineseUniversityofHongKong;1981.Pages…ThemeridiansinChineseacupunctureareevenmoreancient,unique,andstillmysterious.Ibid.Pages….Weallknowaboutthepriorityofpaper,printing,Chinesegunpowderandtherocketsoffireworkalready.ProfessorNeedham’sbookhasrestore
5、dsomeself-esteemtotheChinesepeopleinthefaceofpresentdayfantasticWesternsciencetechnology.TheChinesepeoplearerightlygratefultohim.Maytheheavensblesshimandhisdescendents!Alas,textbookscienceisdeadscience,ChineseorWestern!Itis‘standard’,up-to-date,author
6、itative,all‘correct’andwhite,likemonuments,withnoblack‘mistakes’.Itisallcoldanddead.可惜教科书科学是死科学,虽然是现代标准权威科学.教科书只陈列当代权威认可的理论,像纪念碑,都是白色的,没有历代和当代争论反对的,‘错误’的,‘黑色’的理论.是死科学.Textbooksciencedoesnotshowwhatoldproblemthescienceistackling,itstrialsanderrors,itsf
7、ailuresaswellassuccesses,itsdepressionsaswellaselations,itsbirthanddeath.Inshort,itisnotalivingcreature,notalive,butfixed,solid,hard,anddead.教科书科学不告诉学生科学要解决什么老问题.问题可能是一百年或者一千的老问题,世代有新的理论,推翻或修改旧的理论,冲击竞争,艰辛突破,失败成功,或存或亡,有欢乐也有悲哀,本来是活生生的,可是都给教科书弄死了.Suchhis
8、toryisdeadhistory.Youseethesciencelikeamuseumfossiloraskeleton.Itmaybebiglikeawhale,oradinosaur.Evenifyouhavepreserveditsblood,theheart,andthelungs,theblooddoesnotcirculateandthelungsdonotbreathe.Itisstilladeadcreature,acorpse,a‘mummy’.教科书的科学史
