4、诊学杂志,2010,10(15):35463547. [2] 钟文,曾国华.肾下盏结石的微创外科治疗.国外医学泌尿系统分册,2005,25(5):621624. [3] srivastava a, zaman odel. bju international,2004,93(3):364368. [4] chaussy c, schmietd e, jocham d, et al. first clinical experience , assimos d g, clayman r v, et al
5、. loized trial of extracorporeal shock y for lo, kianian hr, et al.ultrasonographic versus flouroscopic access for percutaneous nephrolithotomy a randomized clinical trial. j endourol,2008,22(2):281284. [11] 李逊,曾国华,吴开俊,等.微创经皮肾穿刺取石术治疗上尿路结石.临床泌尿外科杂志,2003,
6、18(9):516518. [12] 李逊,何朝辉,曾国华,等.上尿路结石的治疗方法的探讨(附5178例报告).临床泌尿外科杂志,2004,19(6):325327. [13] 李逊,曾国华,袁坚,等.经皮肾穿刺取石术治疗上尿路结石(20年经验).北京大学学报(医学版),2004,36(2):124126. [14] guohua z, zhong inimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghom calculi a novel
7、single session approach viamultiple 1418fr tracts. surg laparosc endosc percutan tech,2007,17(2):124128. [15] he z, li x, chen l, et al. minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for upper urinary tract calculi in transplanted kidneys. bju int,200