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1、SPIRITUALCAPITAL:AnIntroductionandLiteratureReview*LaurenceR.IannacconeGeorgeMasonUniversityandJonathanKlickAmericanEnterpriseInstituteSeptember2003*Preliminarydraft,preparedfortheSpiritualCapitalPlanningMeeting,October9-10,2003,Cambridge,MA.SeanEvertonprovided
2、assistancesummarizingtheliteratureonsocialcapital.SendcommentsandsuggestionstoLaurenceR.Iannaccone,DepartmentofEconomics,GeorgeMasonUniversity,larry@econzone.com.SPIRITUALCAPITAL:AnIntroductionandLiteratureReviewLaurenceR.Iannaccone&JonathanKlickThispaperprovid
3、esanoverviewofthevastliteraturerelevanttothestudyofspiritualcapital.Itremainsverymuchaworkinprogress,designedbothtostimulatediscussionandtoelicitcomments,suggestions,recommendations,andadditionalsourcematerial.Subsequentdraftswillinclude,orbelinkedto,amuchmorec
4、omprehensivebibliographyofpublications,workingpapers,anddatasources.Thefollowingfoursectionsformtheinitialpartofoursurvey.Theyintroducespiritualcapitalinrelationtootherformsofcapital–human,social,cultural,andreligious.Additionalsectionsofthesurveyconcernthesoci
5、alandeconomicconsequencesofspiritualcapital,theeffectofgovernmentontheformationofspiritualcapital,theoriesofreligionandspirituality,causesandconsequencesofreligiousextremism,religiousmarketsandchurch-stateinteraction,trendsandcross-nationalcomparisons,historica
6、llessons,andscenariosforthefutureofreligionandspirituality.1.DEFININGSPIRITUALCAPITALDespiteitsintuitiveappealtheterm“spiritualcapital”lacksanycleardefinition.Spiritualcapitalisacatchyphrase–alinguisticunionoftheacademically-respectableconceptofcapital(both“hum
7、an”and“social”)andthevaguebutpopularnotionofspirituality.Itremainstobeseenwhetherthemarriagewilllast,letalonebefruitfulandmultiply.Criticscanrightlyclaimthatmostattemptstodefine,analyze,orpromotespiritualityasdistinctfromreligiosityhavenotprovedfruitful.Ontheot
8、herhand,agrowingbodyofresearchunderscoresthecontinuingsocialandeconomicimpactofreligiousbeliefs,activities,andinstitutions–mostofwhichcanbeanalyzedwithreferencetovariousform
