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丰台区2022-2023学年度高二第一学期期末练习英语试卷一、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EveryeveningbeforemysisterBeccaandIwenttosleep,wewouldtakefiveminutestohaveadance___1___.Itwasa___2___mydadhelpedtokeepwhenwewerelittle.OnedayBeccaandIwerehavingahugeargumentoverwhichTVprogrammeshouldbechosen.Ourdadtookustothelivingroom,Youtwoaregoingto___3___!Notalking,onlyrhythmicmovementtothemusic.Hesaidwithasmile.Afterthefive-minutedancing,wewerelaughingsohardthatneitherofusrememberedwhywehadbeen___4___.Sincethatnightourdancepartyhadbecomesomethingthatendedour___5___andclearedoursillymisunderstandings.NowitwasthenightbeforeBeccamovedacrossthecountryto___6___college.BeccaandIsatwithmyparentsatthedinnertableaswehadsomanynightsbefore.Itwas___7___tothinkthiswouldbethelasttimeweallatetogetherforawhile.MomhadmadeBecca’sfavoritemeal,butBeccaquicklyatehermealandaskedtosaybyetoherclassmates.Momsighedand___8___.Istaredatthe___9___chairandfeltlostandlonely.Somehourspassed,andIwasabouttogotobedwhen_____10_____Iheardaknockonmydoor.“Julie,youdidn’tseriouslythinkIwasgoingto_____11_____tomorrowwithoutusdancingitoutonemoretime,didyou?”Beccaasked.Itriedtofightthe_____12_____fromformingonmylipsandthrewapillowatherhappily.Ibathedinthebittersweet,_____13_____thatthesewerethemomentstocherish.Thingswouldalwaysbechanging,andthoughIhatedtothinkofmysisterleaving,thefactthatthislastdancewasasimportanttoherasitwastomemadethemomentevenmore_____14_____.I_____15_____thethoughtofBeccaleavingtomorrowoutofmyhead,andwedanced.1.A.partyB.lessonC.competitionD.test2.A.diaryB.secretC.traditionD.distance3.A.fightB.watchC.sleepD.dance4.A.angryB.happyC.closeD.worried
5.A.activitiesB.argumentsC.dreamsD.relationships6.A.affordB.finishC.attendD.visit7.A.funnyB.freeC.sadD.normal8.A.admittedB.agreedC.doubtedD.trusted9.A.coolB.beautifulC.comfortableD.empty10.A.luckilyB.quicklyC.suddenlyD.peacefully11.A.continueB.developC.quitD.leave12A.diseaseB.smileC.tearsD.effect13.A.realizingB.insistingC.announcingD.complaining14.A.ordinaryB.specialC.popularD.similar15.A.countedB.droppedC.readD.pushed二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Doyoutakemusicandartclasses?Theseclasses,which___16___(know)asartseducation,allowstudentstolearnnewthingsinacreativeway.Manypeoplebelieveartseducation___17___(play)animportantpartinthelivesofstudents.However,someschoolscutmusicandartprogramsbecausethesesubjectsaren’tincludedinthecollegeentranceexamination.Differentunderstandingsaboutmusicandartcanaffectthefutureofartseducation,soit’simportant___18___(reflect)theseunderstandings.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Inrecentyears,wehaveseenmeltingicecapsand___19___(rise)sealevelsaroundtheworld.Thenumberofdeadlyweathereventshasincreased,suchashurricanes(飓风)，wildfiresandfloods.Scientistssay___20___hascausedthesenewpatternsisclimatechange.Andtheyencourageeveryonetoproducelesswaste.Other___21___(way)loweringyourcarbonfootprintincludewalkinginstead___22___driving,bringingreusablebagstothesupermarket,andeatinglessmeat.Theseactionshavemanybenefits,includinglessairpollutionandCO2production.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单
词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Everyonehasasenseofhumor,___23___noteverybodyhasagoodsenseofit.Psychologistsaredividedonwhetherhumorisinbornorlearnable.However,thereisonethingthatisaccepted___24___(wide)sofar-thesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Itisassociatedwithhappinessandcourage.Thesearequalities___25___canbesharedwithotherformsoflife.Butifhappinessisoneofthegoalschasedinlife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.三、阅读理解(共16小题;每小题2.5分，共40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIamFionnFerreira,anIrishteenager.Thankyoujudgesforthishonorandgivingthisawardinmyhand.Iamverydelightedtohavewon$50,000formyproject.MyprojectcameaboutasIwasconstantlyhearingaboutplasticpollutiononthenews.AndIalsoseetherealeffectsonourbeacheseveryday.Idiscovered,tomyshock,thatatpresentnofiltration(过滤)formicroplasticstakesplaceinanyEuropeanwastewatertreatmentcenters,soIsetupmyprojectandstartedlookingforasolution.Seeingthattherewasnone,Idecidedtostudyfurther,finallyfindingawaytousethefberofluid(铁磁流体),aliquidwhichstickstotheplasticallowingittoberemovedusingmagnets(磁体).Afterover1,000testsIhaveprovedthatmymethodwouldremove87%orhigherofmicroplastics.IgrewupinWestCork,Ireland.Myhometownissurroundedbyuntouchednature.Thishasbeenmyfirstinspirationabouthownatureworks.Isoondiscoveredthatsciencereallywasineverything.ThefactthatIlivedinsucharemoteplacemeantthatIhadtobuildmyownequipmentandlabtodotestsandexperiments.InspiredbyscientistssuchasBenFeringaandhisworkwithorganicchemistryandnanotechnology(纳米技术),Iwouldliketostudychemistryorchemicalengineeringwhenfinishingmylastyearofsecondaryschool.BothofthesesubjectswillbesuitedtomeasIreallyenjoyproblem-solvingandexperiments.Oneofthemostvaluablerewardsfromthesciencefairformeistheopportunitytopresentmyworktoagroupofprofessionaljudges.Winningtheprizeisagreathonortomeasthisisarecognitionofmyprojectandideas.Also,theprizewillgivemyprojectmoreattention.ThereisnothingIwouldliketoseemorethanmyprojecttobeusedinremovingmicroplasticsinouroceansworldwide.26.WhydidFionnsetuptheproject?A.Towintheprize.B.Tocleantheair.C.Toremovemicroplastics.D.Tobuildawastewatercenter.
27.Accordingtoparagraph3,whatgaveFionnthecreativeideas?A.Thesandybeaches.B.Thenatureofhishometown.C.Thenewtechnology.D.Theresultsofhisexperiments.28.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeFionn?A.Honest.B.Determined.C.Fearless.D.Humorous.29.Thispassagemightbe_________.A.anewsreportB.asciencesurveyC.athanks-givingletterD.anawardingspeechBCreativeLearningTheNationalGalleryofArtprovidestheworld’sbesthighschoolprogramsatArt.Theseprogramswillhelpyoudevelopyourartskillsandexploreoriginalworksofartthroughasinglespecifictheme.Findoutwhatyouareinterestedinandsignup.SchoolStudioWorkshopSinglemuseumvisit,2.5hours(Grades7-12)Duringthese2.5hoursvisiting,studentscanhaveadeeptouringaboutworksofartwiththehelpofNationalGalleryartteachers.Studentsmayalsodiscussthesebeautifulworksandsharetheiropinionswiththeguideteacher.Themostexcitingpartofthisworkshopiscreatinganartprojectinthestudio.MuseumMakerExploringArtandMuseums,7classes(Grades10-12)Thisprogramshowshowmuseumsoperateandwhattheyhavetooffer.Itgiveshighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandanddrawartworks.Studentswilllearnmoreabouthowanartmuseumworks.StudentsmeetforsevenSaturdayclassesfrom10:00amto3:00pm.Ifstudentscanattendall7classesontime,theywillgetfinalmarks.CreativeWritingintheGalleryGroupswork,90minutes(Grades11-12)Inthisproject,studentscanvoicetheirthoughtswhilelookingatartworks.Theycanwritetheirfeelingsindifferentwritingforms,likepoetry,essayordescription.Bothindividualsandgroupsarewelcomed.Eachsessioncanaccommodate(容纳)15to30students.TechnologiesintheScienceMuseumFantastictechnologies,4hours(Grades1-12)StudentscandiscovertheoriginalScience&Tech.Inadditiontoanever-changingitemofexhibits,themuseumalsoofferstonsofinteractiveexperimentsonenergy,health,insects,animals,andlocalscientificresearch.Youngervisitorslearnknowledgethroughhands-onexperimentsinmechanics,light,andsound.30.WhatcanyoudoatSchoolStudioWorkshop?
A.Createanartproject.B.Dosomeexperiments.C.Practisewriting.D.Designmuseums.31.HowlongwillittaketofinishtheprogramofMuseumMaker?A.1.5hours.B.2.5hours.C.4hours.D.35hours.32.Ifyoursisterisinterestedinanimals,whichprogramcanshejoinin?A.TechnologiesintheScienceMuseum.B.SchoolStudioWorkshop.CCreativeWritingintheGallery.D.MuseumMaker.33.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todescribeaspecialschool.B.Todiscusseducationproblems.C.Tointroduceartprograms.D.Toshareavisitingexperience.CAhighschoolsoccerplayerleapsintotheair,hitstheballwithhisheadanddirectsittoateammate.Amidtoday’sgrowingawarenesssurroundingheadinjuriesinsports,wouldwearinghelmetsprotecttheteenandpreventapossibleconcussion(脑震荡)?Almostnot.Twotopdoctorswhospecializeinsportshelmetinjuries—Dr.JamesRobinsonandDr.LarryLemak,foundersofLemakSportsMedicine,saidthattherewasnogoodscientificevidencethathelmetscouldreducetherateofconcussion.Bothofthemregardedpropertraining,nothelmets,asthebestconcussionpreventionforsoccerplayers.Thatdoesn’tmeanthere’snoneedtoworryaboutsoccerconcussions.Forboyssoccer,concussionsaccountedfor23percentofallgameinjuriesand10percentofallpracticeinjuries,accordingtothestudy.Forgirlssoccer,thestudyfoundconcussionsaccountedfor36percentofgameinjuriesand31percentofpracticeinjuries.Knowingthat,whyisn’tahelmetuseful?Isn’tsomeprotectionbetterthannoneatall?Thedoctorsoutlinedseveralreasonshelmetsprovidelittleprotection.First,wearingahelmetmakestheheadheavier.Aheavierupperpartmaybemoredangeroustothebeginners.Secondly—andperhapsmostimportantlyforgirls,whoseneckmusclesareoftenweakerthanboys—ahelmetmakestheheadheavier.Imagineatop-heavyhead,Robinsonsaid,whichincreasestheriskoffalls.Sincegirlsalreadyfaceaheightenedconcussionrisk,helmetscouldbeespeciallydangerousforthem.Lastlywearinghelmets
oftengivesteensafalsesenseofsecurity.Whenhelmetswerematedated(授权)inhockey,headinjuriesincreased”becausetheyfeltunbeatable.“Sometimesthekidswearinghelmetsaremoredaring,saidChadHarrelson,boyssoccercoachatSt.PauPsinMobile,‘”becausetheythinktheyhavethataddedlayerofprotection.,,Bothcoachesanddoctorsagreeonthreemainwaystopreventsoccerconcussions.Firstly,learnproperrulesandfollownorms.Playerswhounderstandsoccer’srulesandbehavethemselvesarelesslikelytoputthemselvesinharm’sway.Secondly,promotepropertechnique.Ifsimportanttohaveplayersknowwhereotherplayersarepositioned.Thisreducescontactandcanpreventhead-to-headcollisionsorotherdangeroussituations.Thirdly,strengthenneckmuscleswhichcanprotectbothyournecksandheads.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthewordsoftwotopdoctors?A.Highqualityhelmetsareawisechoice.B.Athletesneedwearhelmets.C.Scienceisonthesideofhelmets.D.Helmetsprovidelittleprotection.35.Thedatainparagraph3servesasanevidencetoshow________.A.trainingisthebestpreventionB.howgirlsplayersgetinjuredC.boysaremorelikelytobehurtintrainingD.whyconcussionshouldbeconcernedabout36.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Whyhelmetsareuseless.B.Howhelmetswork.CWhatcausesheadinjuries.D.Whomhelmetsarefitfor.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“norms”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Theearlyexamples.B.Thesetstandards.C.Thesuggestionsoftheathletes.D.Thewaysofusinghelmets.DUniversityeducatorslargelythinkhighlyofthewondersofteachingthroughtechnology,butexpertsquestionwhethersomethingislostwhenprofessorsandlecturersrelytooheavilyonelectronicmediaorwheninteractionwithstudentstakesplaceremotely—incyberspaceratherthantherealspaceoftheclassroom.HansUlrichGumbrecht,theProfessorofLiteratureatStanfordUniversity,isonesuchexpert.“Ithinkthisenthusiasticandsometimeschildishandblindpushingtowardthemoretechnologythebetter,themorewebsitesthebetterteacher,andsoforth,isverydangerous—is,indeed,self-destructive,”heindicates.
However,Gumbrechtwarnsthattherearefew,ifany,studieseithersupportingordisapprovingtheassumptionthattraditionalwaysofteachingaresuperiortoteachingviatheInternet.Hesaysthathecouldpointonlytohis“insightthatrealclassroompresenceshouldbekept,”andemphasizestheneedforeducatorstoexaminecriticallywheretechnologyservesausefulpedagogical(教学法的)functionandwhereitdoesnot.Yet,Gumbrechtallowsthat,forcoursesinwhichknowledgetransmission(传递)isthesolepurpose,electronicmediaprobablycandothejobwellenough.Indeed,giventhe20thcentury’sknowledgeexplosionandtheincreasingcostsofhighereducation,usingtechnologyasopposedtoreal-lifeteachersforthetransmissionofinformationisprobablyunavoidable,headmits.Inanycase,knowledgetransmissionshouldnotbethecorefunctionoftheuniversityhemaintains,notingthatuniversitiesshouldbeplaceswherepeopledealwithopenquestions,placesfor‘‘intellectualcomplexity”and“riskfillthinking”.“Wearenotaboutfindingortransmittingsolutions;wearenotaboutrecipes;wearenotaboutmakingintellectuallifeeasy.Challengeswithcomplexityarewhatexpandsyourmind.Itissomethinglikeintellectualgymnastics.Andthisiswhatmakesyouasuitablememberofthesociety.”Moreoverdiscussionsinthephysicalpresenceofotherscanleadtotheintellectualinnovation.There’saqualitativechange,andyoudon’tknowhowithappens.Discussionsinthephysicalpresencehavethepowerofbeingthecatalyst(催化齐)forsuchintellectualbreakthroughs.Thepossibilityofin-classroomteaching—oflettingsomethinghappenwhichcannothappenifyouteachbythetransmissionofinformation—isastrength.38.WhatisProfessorGumbrecht’smajorconcernaboutteaching?A.Thesystemsofteachingthroughtechnology.B.Students’overdependenceonelectronicmedia.C.Thetrendtowardsthemoretechnologythebetter.D.Experts’questionsonremoteinteractionwithstudents.39.ProfessorGumberchtmightagreethatuniversityeducationshould________.A.replacethereal-lifeteachersfortheincreasingcostsB.facilitatesolutiontransmissionfortheknowledgeexplosionC.preparestudentsforawell-roundedlifeforsocietyD.helpstudentsestablishcorevalues40.Accordingtothepassage,discussioninthephysicalpresenceofotherscan________.A.reducetheintellectualcomplexityB.bethecatalystforthequalitativechangesC.leadtoswifterandstrongerinformationtransmission
D.combinetraditionalteachingwayswellwithtechnology41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CyberspaceInteractionB.TraditionalTeachingHasItsPlaceC.TheCoreFunctionOfTheUniversityD.InformationTransmissionCannotHelpYouSurvive四、阅读回答问题(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。Whyaresomanypeopleafraidoffailure?Quitesimplybecausenoonetellsushowtofailsothatfailurecanplayaroleasanexperiencethatwillleadtogrowthinourlives.Weforgetthatfailureispartofthehumanconditionandthateverypersonhastherighttofail.Mostparentsworkhardateitherpreventingfailureorprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailed.Thetroublewithfailure-preventionmethodsisthattheyleaveachildunequippedforlifeintherealworld.Actually,theyoungneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverything,noonecanwinallthetimeandthatit’spossibletoenjoyagameevenwhenwedon’twin.Achildwho’snotinvitedtoabirthdayparty,whodoesn’tmakethehonorrollonthebaseballteam,feelsterrible,ofcourse.Butparentsshouldn’tofferaquickcomfort,prizeorsay.Itdoesn’tmatterbecauseitdoes.Theyoungshouldbeallowedtoexperiencedisappointment一andbehelpedtomasterit.Failureisneverpleasant.Ithurtsgrown-upsandchildrenalike.Butitcanmakeapositivecontributiontoyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.Evenafailurethatseemstotalcanstimulate(促进)freshthinkingorachangeofdirection.After12yearsofstudyingballet,afriendofminewentforaprofessionalcompany.Shewasturneddown.“Wouldfurthertraininghelp?”sheasked.Theballetmastershookhishead.“Youwillneverbeadancer”,hesaid,“Youhaven’tthebodyforit.”Insuchcases,thewaytousefailureistotakestockof(估量)thesituationcourageously,asking,“WhathaveIleft?WhatelsecanIdo?”Myfriendputawayhertoeshoesandmovedintodancetherapy,afieldwhereshe’sbothableanduseful.Failurefreesonetotakerisksbecausetherelesstolose.Oftenthereisrecoveryofenergy—awaytofindnewpossibilities.42.Whatroledoesfailureplayinourlives?______________________________________________________________________43.Whatistheresultoffailure-preventionmethods?
______________________________________________________________________44.Whatpositivecontributioncanatotalfailuremake?______________________________________________________________________45.Whentheballetmastershookhisheadtotheauthor’sfriend,whatdidshedo?______________________________________________________________________46.Whatdoyoulearnfromthefriendoftheauthor?______________________________________________________________________五、书面表达(共25分)47.假设你是李华，在英国WestMiddleSchool做交换生。学校网站正在征集主题为“Conservation”的文章。请你在网站上投稿，介绍自己环保理念和具体做法。主要内容包括：1.理念或观点;2.做法及其原因;3.倡议。注意：词数不少于60。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
