最新湘雅儿科精品课件-Growth-and-Development教学讲义ppt课件.ppt

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1、湘雅儿科精品课件-Growth-and-DevelopmentTounderstandtheregularruleofgrowth,development&theaffectingfactorsTomasterthecriteriaofthegrowth&thedevelopmentPURPOSERegularRuleofGrowth&Developmentacontinuousprocessunbalancedgrowthofeachsystemrulesingeneraldifferenceamongindividualsuppertolowerproxim

2、altodistalroughtofineinferiortosuperiorsimpletocomplication身高（长）BodyHeight(BH)CriterionofbonegrowthThesameregularrulesasBWatbirthBH50cm1yearBH75cm2yearsBH85cm2-12yearsBH(cm)＝ageofyrs×6＋77上部量upperpart从头顶至耻骨联合上缘下部量lowerpart从耻骨联合上缘至足底＜3yrs(crown-rumplength)Criterionofskull&spinegrowthSH

3、/BHatbirth0.6714years0.53下肢增长速度随年龄增长而加快坐高SittingHeight(SH)指距fingerdistanceCriterionoflongbonegrowthofupperlimbNormalvalue:fingerdistanceisscarcelylessthanBH头围HeadCircumference(HC)Criterionofskull&braingrowthatbirth33-34cm1year46cm2years48cm5years50cm15years54-58cm胸围ChestCircumference

4、(CC)Criterionofthorax&lungsgrowthatbirthCC32cm1year=HC＞1yearCC＞HC上臂围UpperArmCircumferenceCriterionofmuscle,bone,fat,&skingrowthinupperarmCriterionofnutritioncondition＜1yrgainrapidly1-5yrsgainslowly＜5yrs＞13.5cmbestnutrition12.5-13.5cmbetternutrition＜12.5cmmalnutrition骨骼发育头颅骨发育Growthof

5、Skull颅骨缝cranialsutureclosedin3-4monsafterbirth前囟anteriorfontanelleclosedin1-1.5yrs后囟posteriorfontanelleclosedin6-8weeksafterbirth脊柱的发育GrowthofSpinetoreflexgrowthofvertebrae3physiologicarcuations3monsraisinghead颈椎前凸6monssitting胸椎后凸1yearwalking腰椎前凸骨骼发育长骨的发育GrowthofLongLone1-9yrsossific

6、center＝age(yrs)+1骨龄：骨化中心与标准图谱比较，相当于某一年龄标准图谱时，该年龄即为骨龄。骨骼发育牙齿的发育GrowthofTeeth6yrseruption20-30yrscompletion7-8yrsexchange骨骼发育乳牙primaryteeth204-10monseruptioncompletionby2.5yrs<2yrsnumber＝age(mons)－（4~6）恒牙permanentteeth32体格生长的评价evaluation发育水平developmentallevel生长速度growthspeed匀称程度equabled

7、egree神经反射的发育NerveReflexesexistingbybirth,persistingforalife角膜反射cornealreflex结膜反射conjunctivalreflex瞳孔反射pupillaryreflex咽反射pharyngealreflex吞咽反射deglutitionreflexnotexistingbybirthbutappearinggraduallyafter4-6mons腹壁反射abdominalreflex提睾反射cremastericreflex腱反射tendonjerk神经反射的发育NerveReflexesnot

8、existingbybi