最新呼吸系统--组织学和胚胎学教学讲义PPT.ppt

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1、呼吸系统--组织学和胚胎学RespiratorysystemNasalcavity,pharynx&larynx.Trachea&bronchi.Lung.Thewalloftrachea1.Mucosa=epithelium+laminapropriapseudostratiatedciliatedcolumnar…CiliatedC,gobletC,brushC,basalC,smallgranularC.2.Submucosa=CT+mixedglands3.Adventitia=16-20‘C’shap

2、edhaylinecartilagerings.atmosphere&alveolialveoli&blood(blood&tissue)Gasexchangebronchiolelunglung二、lungLungLowpowerlungparenchyma:bronchialtrees&alveoli.Principalbronchi(Br)—lobular、segmentalBr—smallerBr—bronchiole—terminalbronchiole—respiratorybronchiole—a

3、lveolarduct、alveolarsac—alveoli.Conductionportion:aboveterminalbronchioles.Respiratoryportion:respiratorybronchioletoalveoli.Pulmonarylobule:bronchioleandit’sramifications.Conductionportion－lobularBr&smallBrEpitheliumGobletCGlandsCartilageplateSMCConductionp

4、ortion－bronchiole&terminalbrochioleSimpleciliatedcolumnar.GobletC（－）Gland（－）Cartilageplate（－）SMCRulesofstructuralvarianceinconductingportionSmallBrbronchioleTerminalbronchioleEpiPseudostratifiedCiliatedcolumnarSimpleciliatedcolumnarSimplecolumnar**claracellG

5、obletC+++/--Mixedgland+++/--Cartilageplate+++/--SMC++++++Respiratoryportion－RespiratorybronchioleThewallisinterruptedSimplecuboidalEpi,claraCSMCRespiratoryportion－Alveolarduct&alveolarsacThewall,manyalveoliSMC**Simplecuboidal,squamousAlveolarductAlveolarsacN

6、oSMC**Respiratoryportion－alveolus肺泡管SimplealveolarEpi.(1)Respiratoryportion###constituents：respiratorybronchiole，alveolarduct，alveolarsac，alveolus。1.RespiratorybronchioleThewall,fewalveoliopeninto.SimplecuboidalEpi,SMC.(2)Respiratoryportion2.Alveolarduct&alv

7、eolarsacThewall,manyalveoliopeninto.KnobsinthewallofalveolarductKnobsissphincter-likeSMC.(3)Respiratoryportion3.alveolus:typeIalveolarCtypeIIalveolarCalveolarseptum.TypeIIalveolarCmacrophageElasticfibertypeIalveolarCTypeIIalveolarCOsmiophilicMultilamellarbod

8、iesblood-airbarrierAlveoliTypeIcellsquamous,coveredmostsurfaceofthealveoli.TypeIIcellLM:roundorcuboidal,cellbodyprotrudeintothelumen.EM:osmiophilicmultilamellarbody,withabundantphospholipids.Fun