最新ANCA相关小血管炎诊断和治疗进展-北京大学第一医赵明辉幻灯片.ppt

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1、ANCA相关小血管炎诊断和治疗进展-北京大学第一医赵明辉呼吸机治疗的肺保护策略浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院施丽萍呼吸机相关性肺损伤acuteparenchymallunginjuryandanacuteinflammatoryresponseinthelung.cytokines→alveoliandthesystemiccirculation→multipleorgandysfunctionmortality↑呼吸机相关性肺损伤ventilator-inducedlunginjury容量性损伤Volutrauma（largegasvolumes）压力性损伤Barot

2、rauma（highairwaypressure）不张性损伤Atelectotrauma（alveolarcollapseandre-expansion）生物性损伤Biotrauma（increasedinflammation）肺损伤病理alveolarstructuraldamagepulmonaryedema、inflammation、fibrosissurfactantdysfunctionotherorgandysfunctionexacerbatethedisturbanceoflungdevelopmentSeminNeonatol.2002Oct;7(5

3、):353-60.ApproachesinthemanagementofacuterespiratoryfailureinchildrenprotectiveventilatoryandpotentialprotectiveventilatorymodeslowertidalvolumeandPEEPpermissivehypercapniahigh-frequencyoscillatoryventilationairwaypressurereleaseventilationpartialliquidventilationimproveoxygenationrecru

4、itmentmaneuverspronepositioningkinetictherapyreduceFiO2andfacilitategasexchangeinhalednitricoxideandsurfactantCurrOpinPediatr.2004Jun;16(3):293-8.Canmechanicalventilationstrategiesreducechroniclungdisease?continuouspositiveairwaypressurepermissivehypercapniapatient-triggeredventilationv

5、olume-targetedventilationproportionalassistventilationhigh-frequencyventilationSeminNeonatol.2003Dec;8(6):441-8小潮气量和呼气末正压lowertidalvolumeandPEEPVentilationwithlowertidalvolumesversustraditionaltidalvolumesinadultsforALIandARDS1202patientslowertidalvolume(≤7ml/kg)lowplateaupressure≤30cmH

6、2Oversustidalvolume10to15ml/kgMortalityatday28long-termmortalitywasuncertainlowandconventionaltidalvolumewithplateaupressure≤31cmH2OwasnotsignificantlydifferentCochraneDatabaseSystRev.2004;(2):CD003844Higherversuslowerpositiveend-expiratorypressuresinpatientswiththeacuterespiratorydist

7、resssyndrome549patientsacutelunginjuryandARDSlower-PEEPgroup8.3±3.2cmH2Ohigher-PEEPgroup13.2±3.5cmH2O(P<0.001).tidal-volume6ml/kgend-inspiratoryplateau-pressure≤30cmH2OTheratesofdeath24.9%27.5%(p=0.48)Fromday1today28,breathingwasunassisted14.5±10.4days13.8±10.6days(p=0.5)clinic