二语习得答案.doc

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1、1.1.Thinkofthreeorfour‘telegraphic’sentencesthatayoungchildmightproduce.ThesemaybeinEnglishoranotherlanguageyouknowwell.Howarethese‘littlesentences’similartothoseintheadultlanguage?Howaretheydifferent?“telegraphic”sentences：（1）"Icanseeacow"repeatedas"Seecow"（2）Ihavingthis.I'mhaving'nana.（3）Babyfall

2、downSimilarities:Theybothcontainthenecessarykeywords,especiallynouns,verbsandadjectivesDifferences:“Telegraphic”sentenceslackfunctionwordslikeprepositionsandconjunctions.Theyareshorter,andgrammaticalelementsareoftenomittedorinsertedincorrectly,andtheyaresingleclauses.2.Researchershaveusedbothlongit

3、udinalandcross-sectionalapproachestoinvestigatetheorderofacquisitionofgrammaticalmorphemesinEnglishbyyoungchildren.Describetheseapproachesinyourownwords.Whatarethechallengesandthepotentialbenefitsofeach?Cross-sectionalapproaches:Aresearchmethodstudiessubjectsatdifferentagesandstagesofdevelopment.Lo

4、ngitudinalstudies:Itisatypeofobservationalstudy.Bylongitudinalstudies,wemeanthatwecanstudylearner’slanguagewithaperiodoftime,onemonth,oneyear,ormore.ThiscontrastswithCross-sectionalstudies.Thechallengesoflongitudinalstudyapproaches:Theyaretime-consumingandmoney-consuming.Also,theyarenotconvenient.P

5、otentialbenefitsoflongitudinalstudyapproaches:Longitudinalstudiestrackthesamepeople,andthereforethedifferencesobservedinthosepeoplearelesslikelytobetheresultofculturaldifferencesacrossgenerations.ThechallengesofCross-sectionalapproaches:Routinedataarenotdesignedtoanswerthespecificquestion.Potential

6、benefitsofCross-sectionalapproaches:.Theuseofroutinelycollecteddataallowslargecross-sectionalstudiestobemadeatlittleornoexpense.3.Whatisthe‘wugtest’?WhatdothefindingsfromthewugtesttellusaboutChildren’sdevelopinglanguage?Whatadvantagesdoesthewugtesthaveoverstudiesthatobservechildren’slanguageinnatur

7、alsettings?Canyouthinkofsomedisadvantages?(1)“Wugtest”isaproceduretoexplorechildren’sknowledgeoflanguagedevelopedbyJeanBerkoGleason.Itwasdesignedasawaytoinvestigatetheacquisitionofthepluralandotherinflectio