英语写作复习笔记.doc

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1、一．修辞手法1.Simile明喻Eg.Omylove'slikeared,redrose.Thatmancannotbetrusted.Heisasslipperyasaneel黄鳝Shelikesanappleinhereyes.2.Metaphor暗喻Eg.Thepictureofthosepoorpeople'sliveswascarvedsosharplyinhisheartthathecouldneverforgetit.Therewasamedievalmagnificenceaboutthebigdininghall.Thestreetfa

2、dedintoacountryroadwithstragglinghousesbyit.Therewasafewlordlypoplarsbeforethehouse.Allhisformerjoywasdrownedintheembarrassmentandconfusionhewasfeelingatthemoment.Independentwouldnotbeatrialseperation,butwouldbeapainfuldivorce.3.Personification拟人Eg.Youthishotandbold,ageisweakandc

3、old.Thematchwillsoonbeoveranddefeatisstaringusintheface.Thestormwasragingandanangryseawascontinuouslytossing抛theirboat.4.Metonymy借喻转喻不直接说明而是以另外一个与之相关的事物来说明Swordandcrossinhand,theEuropeanconquerorsfellupontheAmericas.Whenthewarwasover,helaydowntheswordandtookupthepen.弃武从文Hispurse钱

4、包wouldnotallowhimthatluxuryThekettleboils水开了Theroomsatslient.全屋人安静的坐着。Lendmeyourears,please.请听我说。Hisunfriendlytoughsurprisedher.5.Synecdoche.提喻A.部分代整体或者说特殊代一般Eg.HeistheNewtonofthiscentury.Thehadtoearnhisdailybreadbydoingoddjobs.打零工面包来代指生活收入Thefarmswereshortofhandsduringtheharvest

5、season.手代指人Thereareabout100handsworkinginthefactory.同上B.整体代部分或者一般代特殊Eg.Thefox(狐狸来代指狐狸的毛皮)goesverywellwithyourcap.帽子GermanybeatArgentina2to1inthisexcitingfootballmatch.用德国和阿根廷来代指两个国家的球队Thepoorcreaturecouldnotendurehersufferings.用生物代指人6.Euphemism委婉，诲饰Eg.Heisoutvisitingtheneccessary

6、.他出去方便了。Hisrelationwithhiswifehasnotbeenfortunate.他和他妻子离婚了。Dengxiaopingpassedawayin1977.注意看课本page19页的词的委婉用法。7.Irony反语Eg.Itwouldbeafinethingindeednotknowingwhattimeitwasinthemorning.早上没有时间观念还真是好事。实际上是运用反语说应该有时间观念。6.Overstatement或hyperbole夸张andUnderstatement缩小，低调陈述A.Overstatement的用

7、法Eg.Ibegathousandpardons.我非常抱歉。Whensheheardthebadnews,ariveroftearspouredout.当他听到噩耗，眼泪如江水一般汹涌流出。Sheisdying十分toknowwhatjobhasbeenassignedher.Onhearingthathehadbeenadmittedtothatfamousuniversity,hewhisperedtohimself,"I'mtheluckiestmanintheworld."B.Understatement的用法Eg.Ittookafewdoll

8、arstobuildthisindoorswimmingpool.建室内游泳池只