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1、PART11.HealthHealthisastateofcompletephysical,mental,andsocialwell-beingandnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseorinfirmity.2.Environment~addressesallthephysical,chemical,biologicalandsocialfactorsexternaltoaperson,whichmayinteractdirectlyorindirectlywithorganisms.3.Preventivemedic
2、ine~isastudyofmedicinewhichaimsatpopulation,andstudyingthediseasedistribution,influencefactorsbyapplyingbiomedical,environmentalmedicineandsocialmedicine,makingupthepreventivemeasuresforpopulationhealth.Environmentalmedicine:amultidisciplinaryfieldinvolvingmedicine,environ
3、mentalscience,chemistryandothers.Itinvolvesthestudyofinteractionsbetweenenvironmentandhumanhealth4.Publichealth~isthescienceandartofpreventingdisease,prolonginglife,promotingphysicalhealthandefficiencythroughorganizedcommunityefforts.~iswhatwe,asasociety,docollectivelytoas
4、suretheconditionsforpeopletobehealthy.5.Publichealthservice6.Coreofpublichealth(functions)1)Assessment:~meanstheassessmentandmonitoringofthehealthofcommunitiesandpopulationsatrisktoidentifyhealthproblemsandpriorities.2)Policydevelopment~meanstheformulationofpublicpoliciesd
5、esignedtosolveidentifiedlocalandnationalhealthproblemsandpriorities.3)Assurance~meanstoassurethatallpopulationshaveaccesstoappropriateandcost-effectivecare,whichincludeshealthpromotionanddiseasepreventionservices,andevaluationoftheeffectivenessofthecare.7.Comparepublicheal
6、thandmedicalcare1.Scienceofpublichealthconcernssixareas:EpidemiologyStatisticsBiomedicalsciencesEnvironmentalscienceSocialandbehaviorscienceHealthpolicyandmanagementorhealthadministration2.Preventiononthreelevels:1)Primaryprevention:Avoidoccurrenceofanillnessandinjurybypre
7、ventingexposuretoriskfactors2)Secondaryprevention:Minimizetheseverityofillnessordamage3)Tertiaryprevention:Minimizedisabilitybyprovidingmedicalcareandrehabilitationservice3.Whyispublichealthcontroversial1)Economicimpact:~hasanegativeeffect2)Individualliberty3)Moralandrelig
8、iousopposition4.GreatchangesinpublichealthPeoplearehealthiertodayCleanwater,air,foodSafed
