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1、1.何为定语从句？定语从句—AttributiveClause定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语等来担任。如果一个句子担任定语，这个句子就叫定语从句。定语从句可以修饰名词或代词，还能修饰整个句子。如1.Themanwho(that)camefirstisJohn.修饰名词man2.Thehandkerchiefwhich(that)yougavemewasn’tclean.修饰名词handkerchief3..Myfatherdoesmorningexerciseeveryday,whic
2、hisgoodforhishealth.修饰整个句子2.定语从句的构成定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，而引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。如：Therewasayoungmanwholikedpaintings.句中，who为关系代词，定语从句wholikedpaintings修饰先行词ayoungman。再如：ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.句中，where为关系副词，定语从句whereIlivedlastye
3、ar修饰先行词thehouse。3.关系词以及注意点关系代词有which,that,who(m),whose;关系副词有when,where,why注意：关系词既代替前面的先行词在从句中担任一定的成分，又把两个句子连接起来，构成一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。例如：两个简单句Thankyoufortherecord.+Yougavemetherecord.主从复合句Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveme.Thankyoufortherecordwhich(th
4、at)yougavemetherecord.(F)Thankyoufortherecordwhich(that)yougaveittome.(F)说明：关系代词which/that代替前面的先行词therecord,已经在从句中担任宾语，所以再在从句中加therecord或it就重复了。4.关系词如何用？关系代词当关系代词在从句中作主语时，指人用关系代词who，that;指物用which,that.如：Themanwho/thatsatbesidemewasexcited.Thecarwhich/t
5、hatisoverthereismyfavorite.当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，指人用关系代词whom/that/who(非正式）,指物用关系代词which/that,口语中可以省略。如：Thedoctorwhom/that/shevisitedisfamous.Theblousewhich/that/shetriedonwassmall.当关系代词在从句中作定语，表示所有关系时，用whose(既指人也指物）如：Iliveinahousewhosedoorfaceswest.Iknowawoman
6、whosedaughterdied.4.关系词如何用？注意：在下列情况下，无论关系代词在定语从句中是作主语还是宾语，指人还是指物，都用that1.先行词带有最高级形容词，或有only,all等词修饰时；如：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Youaretheonlypersonthatcanhelpme.2.先行词为all,something,anything等不定代词时；如：Youcantakeanythingthatyoulike.AllthatIhaveis
7、givenbymyparents.3.先行词既指人又指物时；如：Doyouknowthepeopleandthingsthattheyaretalkingabout?4.关系词如何用？关系副词关系副词when,where,why分别表示时间，地点和原因，在定语从句中起状语的作用。如：Hetoldmethedatewhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.(相当于onwhich)Thisistheplacewhereheworks.(相当于atwhich)Nooneknowsthereaso
8、nwhyhesuddenlydied.注意：如果先行词是reason，关系词为why,that或省略。Thereasonwhy/that/hechangedhismindisnotclear.Thereasonwhy/that/shedidn’tgetthejobwasthatherEnglishwasnotgood.5.更多的例句1.Thehousewhich(that)standsonthehillismine.山上的那所房子是我的。（关系代词在从句中作主语）2.
