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1、TheU.S.-JapanAllianceandDeterringGrayZoneCoercionintheMaritime,Cyber,andSpaceDomainsScottW.Harold,YoshiakiNakagawa,JunichiFukuda,JohnA.Davis,KeikoKono,DeanCheng,KazutoSuzukiCORPORATIONPrefaceTounderstandtheimportanceoftheU.S.-Japanallianceagainstthebackdropofarapidlychanging
2、internationalenvironmentintheAsia-Pacific,RANDconvenedaconferenceinearly2017focusedontheuseofgrayzonecoercioninthemaritime,cyber,andspacedomains.TheconferencebroughttogetherleadingU.S.andJapaneseexpertstounearthareasofsharedunderstandinganddivergenceinthinkingonthetwosidesof
3、thePacificwhenitcomestodealingwithChineseeffortstoreshapetheinternationalorderthroughcoerciondesignedtofallbelowthelevelthatwouldinvokeatreatyresponseundertheU.S.-Japanalliance.Theconferencefoundnumerousopportunitiesforthealliestocollaborateinimprovingsharedunderstandings,re
4、ducingambiguitiesthatChinacanexploit,stigmatizinggrayzonecoercion,hardeningdefenses,andpreparingtoimposecosts.Althoughitwillnotbeeasytodetergrayzonecoercioninthemaritime,cyber,andspacedomains,thealliesfacestrongincentivestoimprovetheircoordinationandstrengthendeterrencenow,b
5、eforeChinaorotheractorschangethestatusquoattheexpenseofWashingtonandTokyo.ThisworkwassponsoredbytheGovernmentofJapanandconductedintheInternationalSecurityandDefensePolicyCenter(ISDP)oftheRANDNationalSecurityResearchDivision(NSRD).ISDPanalyzeschangesintheinternationalpolitica
6、l,strategic,economic,andtechnologicalenvironmentandhelpstheDepartmentofDefenseandotherclientsdeveloppoliciestoshapetheenvironmentandadvanceU.S.andalliedinterests.FormoreinformationontheRANDInternationalSecurityandDefensePolicyCenter,seewww.rand.org/nsrd/ndri/centers/isdporco
7、ntactthedirector(contactinformationisprovidedonthewebpage).iiiContentsPreface............................................................................................................................................iiiFiguresandTables.......................................
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