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时间:2020-03-30
《被动语态的几种特殊用法.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有:“act,addup,clean,compare,count,cook,draw,fill,iron,keep,let,look,makeup,milk,kill,open,photograph,prove,read,sell,smoke,spoil”等。Thewindowwon’topen.(这扇窗户打不开。)Thecowmilkswell.(这头牛出奶率很高。)Dampwoodwillnotfire.(湿木不易燃烧。)Shedoe
2、sn’tphotographwell.(她不上相。)Hisjudgmentprovedwrong.(他的判断是错的。)Thebananapeelseasily.(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。)Flieskilleasilyinautumn.(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。)Itturnedoutfinethatday.(结果那天天气很好。)Howdidhiscoatcatchonanail?(他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?)2)实用动词“need/want/deserve/require+V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义
3、。Myhairneedscutting。.Thebikewantsrepairing.Itdoesn’tdeservementioning.Hamletisrequiredreadingforthecourse.(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。)3)一些固定句型如:"beworthdoingsth.have/getsth.(sb.)done",以及tobeunder(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义:BeijingisabigcityinChinaandworthvisiting.(北京是中国的一个大城市
4、,值得浏览。)Mr..Wilsonhadhiswalletstolenthedaybeforeyesterday.(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。Thebikeisunder(in)repair.(自行车正在修理中。)Thistaperecorderisinuse.(这种录音机正在使用中。)4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义:①Therebe句型:Therearealotofthingstodo.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.②不定式修饰want,have等动词的宾语,而句中的主
5、语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时:Iwantsomeclothestowash.Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?③不定式修饰buy,get,give等动词的直接宾语,而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时:Hissistergavehimabiketoride.Myfathergetmeabooktoread.5)少数动词的进行时,有时表示被动意义:Herworksareprinting.Thedrumisbeating.Mynewhouseisbuilding.(2)
6、“Itis+V-ed+that-??"结构表示被动常用的这类结构有:“itissaidthat…”(据说);Itissupposedthat…(据推测);Itiswellknownthat"…(众所周知);Itisbelievedthat"…(据信);Itisreportedthat"…(据报导);Itishopedthat"…(人们希望);Itisgenerallyconsideredthat"…(有人认为);1twillbeseenthat"…(由此可以看出);Itmustbeadmittedtha
7、t…(必须承认);Itmustbepointedoutthat…(必须指出)”等。Itisbelieved/thoughtthatthismedicineworkswell.Itisrequired(of)himthathegivetheevidence.(要求我提供证据)Itisfearedthathecouldnotcomehere.ItisestimatedthataflighttoShanghaiwouldtakemorethanonehour.Itisoftenrealizedthatwome
8、nheldahighsocialpositionintheSouthernEuropeansocietiesinthe10thandllthcenturies.(3)“get+p.p.(动词的过去分词)"表示被动:这种结构往往用来强调动作的结果,也可用来表示突然发生的事态,或最终出现的某种事实,是一种非正式语体。Didthequestiongetanswered?ABoeing747gotcrashedlastweek.Thehouseis
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