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ID:51495516
大小:199.00 KB
页数:35页
时间:2020-03-24
《曼昆英文版《经济学原理》01-经济学十大原理.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、ALecturePresentationinPowerPointtoAccompanyPrinciplesofEconomicsSecondEditionbyN.GregoryMankiwTenPrinciplesofEconomicsChapter1Economy......ThewordeconomycomesfromaGreekwordfor“onewhomanagesahousehold.”Ahouseholdandaneconomyfacemanydecisions:Whowillwork?Whatgoodsandhowm
2、anyofthemshouldbeproduced?Whatresourcesshouldbeusedinproduction?Atwhatpriceshouldthegoodsbesold?SocietyandScarceResources:Themanagementofsociety’sresourcesisimportantbecauseresourcesarescarce.Scarcity......meansthatsocietyhaslimitedresourcesandthereforecannotproduceallth
3、egoodsandservicespeoplewishtohave.EconomicsEconomicsisthestudyofhowsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.Economistsstudy...Howpeoplemakedecisions.Howpeopleinteractwitheachother.Theforcesandtrendsthataffecttheeconomyasawhole.TenPrinciplesofEconomicsPeoplefacetradeoffs.Thecosto
4、fsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit.Rationalpeoplethinkatthemargin.Peoplerespondtoincentives.HowPeopleMakeDecisionsTenPrinciplesofEconomicsTradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff.Marketsareusuallyagoodwaytoorganizeeconomicactivity.Governmentscansometimesimproveeconomicoutcomes.HowPeo
5、pleInteractTenPrinciplesofEconomicsThestandardoflivingdependsonacountry’sproduction.Pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney.Societyfacesashort-runtradeoffbetweeninflationandunemployment.HowtheEconomyasaWholeWorks1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch
6、!”1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.Togetonething,weusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthing.Gunsv.butterFoodv.clothingLeisuretimev.workEfficiencyv.equityMakingdecisionsrequirestradingoffonegoalagainstanother.1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.Efficiencymeanssocietygetsthemostthatitcanfromitsscarceresou
7、rces.Equitymeansthebenefitsofthoseresourcesaredistributedfairlyamongthemembersofsociety.Efficiencyv.Equity2.Thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit.Decisionsrequirecomparingcostsandbenefitsofalternatives.Whethertogotocollegeortowork?Whethertostudyorgooutonadate?Whethert
8、ogotoclassorsleepin?2.Thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit.Theopportunitycostofanitemiswhatyougiveu
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