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ID:50181622
大小:345.00 KB
页数:52页
时间:2020-03-09
《英语句子成分.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、英语句法(一)语法系列之--英语句子的基本成分有8种:主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object)定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)补语(complement)表语(predicative)同位语(Appositive)主语:1)Mr.Chenisawell-knownscientist.2)Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.3)Twoandsixiseight.4)Smokingisharmfultohealth.5)ToswiminKunm
2、ingLakeisagreatpleasure.6)Whatweshalldonextisnotyetdecided.可以作主语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等.主语一般在句首。1)Thenewtermbeginsonthe1stofSeptember.2)Sheseemedtired.3)Whathaveyoubeendoing?4)Whathaveyoudone?5)Hewasoftenlaughedatforthis.6)I’dratherhedidn’tcometomorrow.谓语
3、:说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 做谓语的词类是动词.宾语:宾语通常在及物动词和介词的后面..1)Ithinkitrighttohelpher.2)Mylittlesisteralwayslikestoaskquestions.3)Wouldyoumindcomingearliertomorrow?4)HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodoinsummer.可以做宾语的词类是名词.代词.数词.不定式.动名词.从句等系动词:1)beseemappear2)looksoundtastesm
4、ellfeel3)getturngrowbecomego4)stayremainkeepcontinue感官类变化类维持类表语:表语通常在系动词后。1)Myuncleisaprofessor.2)Helookedtired.3)Thebasketballmatchison.4)Allthepupilsareontheplaygroundnow.5)Ouraimwastowinmoremedals.6)HisworkisteachingFrench.7)Thequestioniswhocanreallyr
5、epairthemachines.定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子.注意:单个词常置被修饰词前,短语.从句置后.Thegirlintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.Theboyneedsacoffeecup.ThebestboyhereisTom.Thereisnothingtodotoday.Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.ThisisthenewdictionarywhichIboughtyesterday.
6、状语:状语修饰动词、形容词、副词及其相应的短语或从句.句子,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、伴随、程度、目的等。位置较灵活.1)Shesingsquitewell.2)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.3)Hesitsthere,askingforapen.4)Theboyneedsapentodohishomework.5)IfIhavesomesparetime,IwilltakeupGerman.同位语:是在名词或代词之后,重复指代并进一步说
7、明名词或代词的成分。常置被修饰词语后.可以做同位语的词类有名词.代词.从句等.Westudentsshouldstudyhard.Weallarestudents.Bush,PresidentoftheUnitedStates,willvisitChinanextmonth.Thesuggestionthatanewbridgebebuiltherewasaccepted.Wewereoverjoyedatthenewsthatourteamhadwon.补语:补充说明主语或宾语.做“宾补”时在宾语后,
8、做“主补”时在谓语后.可以做补语的词类与可以做表语的词类相同.1)Thegovernmentappointed(任命)herchiefdelegate(代表)totheconference.2)Idon’tbelievethestorytrue.3)Youshouldputyourthingsinorder.4)Thedoctoradvisedhertostayinbedforaweek.5)Wesawthepupilsplayingbas
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