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1、1.同位语从句theAppositiveclause(1)同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,连接副词how,when,where,whether,what等。e.g.The
2、hopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：注意:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.⑵同位语从句的表现形式:①由that引导Thefactthatyou
3、haven’tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.Thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet.ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdise
4、asebotheredscientists.②由whether引导Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.③由when引导Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别:同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。Weexpressthehopethattheywillcometovi
5、sitChinaagain.(同位语从句)Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.(定语从句)②同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.(同位语从句,news和从句没有逻辑关系)Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.(定语从句,news是told的逻辑宾语)Theorderwhenweshouldgobackhas
6、n’treachedus.(同位语从句,order和从句没有逻辑关系)ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten.(定语从句,day是founded的逻辑状语)③同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导;定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.(同)Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasb
7、orn?(定)同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子,谓语动词用be的不同形式。Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.此句可以变为一个表语从句:Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon.从引导词来看:引导词that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,that不可省略;that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分—主语或宾语，有具体词义,作宾语时还可以省略。例如：a)Thefactory______wevisitedyesterdayisachemic
8、alone.b)Thenews______hewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.(that)that定语从句同位语从句看电影学同位语从句onceitravelledsevenseastofindmylove andonceisangsevenhundredsongs well,maybeistil
