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1、英美概况一、填空：1、ThemostimportantriversinScotlandareClydeandForth.2.In1965,bigoilfieldswerediscoveredundertheNorthSea.3.TheEnglishpeoplearethedescendantsofAnglo-Saxons,whiletheScots,welshandIrisharethedescendantsoftheCelts.4.ThemajorlanguagesspokeninBritainareEnglish,GaelicandWelsh.5.TheChurchofEngla
2、ndistheestablishedchurchoftheEnglishnation.6.ProtestantchurchesnotbelongingtotheChurchofEnglandarecalledFreeChurches,includingsuchsectsasBaptists,theUnitedReformedChurch,MethodistsandQuakers.7.TheRomanCatholicChurchwasmuchpersecutedinEnglandforalongtimeaftertheReformation.8.MostoftheBritishsoci
3、alcustomsarebasedontheChristiantradition.9.DuringWorldWarⅡ,BritainwasforcedtoborrowlargeamountsofmoneyfromtheUnitedStatesandCanada.10.UnderMargaretThatcher,publicExpenditurewasreduced,foreignexchangecontrolslifted,rulesgoverningbanksLoosenedandworkerstrikesrestricted.11.TheConservativePartycarr
4、iedoutanextensiveprogrammeofPrivatizationthroughoutthe1980s12.ThenegativeaspectofThatcher’sreformwasarapidincreaseintaxation.13.Britain’straditionalcustomersintradewerethecommonwealthcountriesanditsformercolonies.NowBritaintradesmainlywiththecommonMarket,theUSandCanada.14.theBritishgovernmentis
5、establishedonthebasisofconstitutionalmonarchy.15.Britainhasnowrittenconstitutionandmanyoftherulesthatgovernthesystemarecustomsorconventionsandordinarylaws.16.Theoretically,theQueenhasallthepower,butinreality,shemustactontheadviceoftheministers.17.Parliamentconsistsofthemonarch/sovereign,theHous
6、eofcommonsandtheHouseofLords.18.ThePresidentoftheHouseofLordsistheLordchancellorandthepresidingofficeroftheHouseofCommonsis“Mr.speaker”.19.Parliament’smainfunctionsaredebate,makinglawsandsupervisingthegovernmentandfinancing.20.ThePrimeMinistercontrolsnotonlythecabinetbutalsotheParliament。21．The
7、twomainpoliticalinBritainarebothbourgeoisinnature.TheConservativePartyopenlyhelpsthemonopoliststogetsuper-profits,whiletheLabourPartypracticessocialdemocracyorbourgeoisreformism.22.theConservativePartyToryparty,whiletheliberalPart
