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1、【词条1】refuse【点拨】refuse为动词,意为"拒绝"。常用于结构:①refusetodosth.②refuse+n./pron.③refusesb.sth.。如:WhatannoyeduswasthatMaryrefusedtotalkaboutthismatter.Herefusedhisfriend’sinvitationtogoonanadventure.Sheissoenthusiasticthatyoucan’trefuseheranything.【拓展】1.辨析refuse＆reject＆decline 这几个
2、词都可作"拒绝"解。其区别在于:refuse是表示"拒绝"这一概念的最普通的用词,可接不定式,表示拒绝做某事,也可接名词,表示不接受；reject语气比refuse强,表示断然拒绝。如果不同意一种意见或信仰,通常用reject；decline比较正式,表示礼貌、客气地"婉拒",当表示对于对方的邀请、请求、提议等表示"不接受"时,可以用decline来缓和语气。如:Irefusedtotakepartinanythingthatisillegal.Thearmydoctorsrejectedseveralrecruitsasunfit.Ii
3、nvitedhertojoinus,butshedeclined.2.refusal为refuse的名词形式,意为"拒绝,拒不"。如:Yourrefusalofsuchagoodofferwasveryfoolish.【词条2】arise【点拨】arise为不及物动词,意为"产生；出现"。常用搭配:ariseoutof/fromsth."由……引起"。如:Wedidn’tknowhowthequarrelarose.Disagreementshavearisenfromthenewprogram.【拓展】1.arise还可意为"站起来,起
4、立"。如:Hearose,tellingmethathewouldwaitformeoutsidetheoffice.2.注意几个与arise意义相近的词:(1)rise是不及物动词,意为"上升；升起；增加；提高"。也可意为"起床"和"站起身",这时可与arise换用。如:Ourhopesroseandfellinthesameinstant.Thechairmanrosefromhischairandcameforwardtopresenttheaward.Wearosefromthechairswhentheguestenteredt
5、heroom.(2)raise是及物动词,意为"举起；使起来；提高；提出"。如:Heraisedhishandtoaskthespeakerquestions.Mysalarywasraisedto8,000yuanamonth.(3)arouse也是及物动词,意为"唤醒；激起；引起"。如:Iwassuddenlyarousedbythethunder.Greatenthusiasmwasarousedbythespeech.【词条3】accompany【点拨】accompany动词,可意为"陪伴"。如:Willyouaccompanym
6、eindrinkingaglassofwine?【拓展】accompany还可意为"伴随发生；伴奏"。如:Lightningusuallyaccompanieswiththunder.Thepianistaccompaniedhersinging. 经典短语透视【短语1】treat...as...【点拨】treat...as...意为"把……当成……"。如:Peopleherealltreatmeasanexpertonfarming.【拓展】下面的词组都可以表示"把……当成……"。如:Allthepatientsregar
7、dhimasaconsideratenurse.Shethinksofthemonitorastheclevereststudentintheclass.Theylookonothers’difficultiesastheirown.Thissculptureisconsideredasasymbolofthiscity.【短语2】relyon【点拨】relyon意为"依靠,指望",常用于以下结构:Theyusuallyrelyonthemselves.(relyonsth.)Theyhavetorelyontheriverforthei
8、rwater.(relyonsth.for)YoucanrelyonPetertodowhathepromises.(relyonsb.todosth.)【拓展】counton和dependo
