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1、綁注赵看外国谱学虎ZhejiangYuexiuUniversityofForeignLanguages文献综述（2016届）输出假设理论在初中英语口语教学中的应用学院英语学院专业英语班级英语1208班学号0307120828学生姓名吕银燕指导教师徐华日期2015年12月28日LiteratureReview1.Introduction1>1BackgroundofthesecondlanguageacquisitionSecondlanguageacquisitionresearchwasformedinthelate1960s,early1970s,sofar,more
2、thanthirtyyearsofhistory.Andinrecentyears,theresearchofthesecondlanguageacquisitionhasbeendeeplystudied.Therearemainlytwokindsoffactorsaffectingsecondlanguageacquisition:theouterfactorandtheinnerfacto匚Theformermainlyincludestwoaspects:oneisthesocialenvironment,theotheristhelanguageinputan
3、dinteractiveenvironmentwhichrelatestotheone5sculturalbackground,socialstatusandsoon.Thentheinnerfactorscanbedividedintoseveralpartswhichincludelanguagetransfer,theoryoflanguageacquisitionmechanism,languageuniversalityresearchandlanguagemonitoringmode,etc.Andsimplytosay,theinnerfactorsarer
4、elatedtothelearner'sattitudes,personalities,cognitiveability,etc.Amongthesefactors,inputisoneofthemostimportantfactorsinfluencingSLA,justasGass(1997:l)said:“withoutinputnoindividualcanlearnasecondlanguage.^Inthepasttwodecades,inputtheoryhasattractedwideattention,andforeignlanguageteaching
5、researchershavemainlyfocusedtheirattentionontheinput.AndaseriesofstudiessuchasSchumann^AcculturationModel(1978),Krashen^scomprehensibleInputHypothesisandGass&Ellistheoriesoncereallypopular.Withthein-depthstudyoftheinputtheory,somescholarshavefoundoutthedrawbacksanddevelopedtwonewtheories:
6、theInteractionHypothesisputforwardbyMichaelLong(1996)andtheOutputHypothesisputforthbyMerrillSwain(1985).Outputtheoryoriginatedin1980s,itcausedanewroundofresearchupsurge,manyscholarsfromtheoriginalonlyattentiontotheinputofresearchandtransfertothecommonconcernoftheinputandoutput.Alargenumbe
7、rofdomesticandforeignresearcheshaveprovedthepositiveeffectofoutputonthesecondlanguageacquisitionwhichincludelistening,speakingreadingandwriting.Withthisbigresearchbackgroundisstillfarfromenough,thestudyshouldbecombinedwiththeactualsituationofthedomestic.2OutputHypot
