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1、阅读基础训练阅读理解专题一---猜测词义1.主旨大意2.细节理解3.猜测词义4.推理判断5.篇章结构6.观点态度题型及解题技巧1.Teachingbackground教学背景阅读理解猜测词义Theunderlinedword“__”inthepassagemeans__.Whatdoes“___”inthethirdparagraphstandfor?Theword/phrase“____”mostnearlymeans____.Theword/phrase“__”couldbestbereplacedby__.Theword/p
2、hrase“__”inLine…,Para…refersto__.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothephrase/word/sentence“____”?What’sthemeaningof“____”inLine…,Para…?Theauthorusestheword“____”toindicate____?Questionform(常见提问方式）判断词义1）文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。做题要领Quiz:H
3、owever,menquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandles,usedsandinhour-glasses,andinventedwater-clocks.Indeed,anyseriousstudentofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statel
4、yhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.(2007广东卷）Theunderlinedphrasestatelyhomesinparagraph4meansA.state-ownedhouses B.housesinverygoodconditionC.grandhousesopentothepublic D.houseswherestatesmenmeetregularlyDefinition定义法Similarity相似法Contrast对比
5、法Causeandeffect因果法猜测词义Example例举法Context上下文WordFormation构词法Definition定义法：一般通过定义/定语从句/词组或同位语从句来确定词义技巧1定义猜词时，文中常有解释性词语引出生词含义，如thatis,mean,standfor,namely,inotherwords,tobe等，有时用破折号，括弧来表示，或者用同位语、定语从句的形式出现。考生要通过上下文来寻求线索，找到关键性的解释性词语或短语。Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabo
6、ut650yuanayear.Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Checktheanswers从后面的解释中，我们可以了解到brittle是“易碎的，脆的”的意思定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧羊人”。Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词猜测词义。表示对比的词有but、yet、wh
7、ile、however、otherwise等。技巧2Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．“homely”means“”.uglyUnlikehandsomee.g..Althoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycool,thenoondaysunwastropical.——————hot热的Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseems
8、tobeinastateofturmoil.一片混乱Similarity相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。技巧3Doctor
