服务贸易【文献翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文TradeinServicesMaterialSource:MaterialSource:ProductivityCommissionPOBox80BelconnenACT2616AustraliaAuthor:PhilippaDeeWhyworry?Whyshouldtradetheoristsandtradepolicypractitionersworryaboutservices?First,60percentoftheworld.sGDPisearnedthere(WorldBank2001).Thisisnotjustaric

2、hcountryphenomenon.119ofthe132countrieslistedintheWorldDevelopmentReporthaveaservicesshareofGDPthatexceedstheirindustryshare.And81haveaservicesshareofGDPthatexceeds50percent.fromBangladeshandBotswanatoZambiaandZimbabwe.Second,closetoathirdofworldtradeisgeneratedthere(Karsenty2

3、000).Itisnolongertenable,ifiteverwas,toregardservicesasnon-traded.Norisitcorrecttosaythatmostservicestradeisviacommercialpresenceandhencenotcomparabletomerchandisetrade.Karsentyshowsthatonthebasisofavailablestatistics,'traditional'tradeinservices-definedtomeasurecross-bordertr

4、ansactions.istodaylargerinabsolutesizethanestablishment-relatedtradeinservices.Andsomeoftheeconomiesmostdependent(inrelativeterms)onservicestradearealsosomeofthepoorest(egArmenia,LesothoandKiribati).Third,barrierstoservicestradearesignificant.Becausetheyareprimarilyregulatory,

5、anddiffersubstantiallyfromtraditionaltariffsorquotas,thereisnosimple.tariffequivalent.withwhichtocomparetomerchandisetradebarriers.Buttheeffectsofremovingthemcanbesubstantial.Forexample,DeeandHanslow(2001)suggestthattheglobalgainsfromeliminatingbarrierstotradeinservices,basedo

6、npreliminaryestimatesofthosebarriers,couldbeaboutthesameasthosefromeliminatingallremainingbarrierstotradeinagricultureandindustrials.Andsignificantgainswouldaccruetodevelopingeconomies.Fourth,servicestradebarriersarecurrentlysubjecttonegotiationinbothmultilateralandregionalfor

7、ums.Themultilateralservicestradenegotiationscurrentlyunderwayaspartofthe.built-in.agendaoftheWTOhavemovedbeyondthestageofestablishingnegotiatingguidelines,tothestageof.talkingturkey..servicestradeliberalisationproposalshavealreadyhitthenegotiatingtable.Ofthe20extantRegionalTra

8、dingAgreements(RTAs)currentlybeingexaminedattheAustralianProd