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1、小脑、脑干梗死的临床与影像学诊断研究【摘要】丨
2、的探讨磁共振成像技术对小脑/脑干梗死的诊断价值及对临床治疗的指导作川。方法回顾分析44例小脑/脑干梗死的临床及影像检查资料。结杲44例中伴高血压25例,伴糖尿病6例。小脑梗死25例,脑干梗死19例,梗塞灶大小形态多样。T1WI病灶表现筹、低信号或高低混杂信号。T2WI和FLAIR病灶多呈高信号,少数呈等或低信号。DW1成像表现为明显高信号。MRA仅见动脉硕化表现。Gd-DTPA增强扫描多呈片状不均匀强化、脑冋样强化及呈环状强化。15例MRI和CT检查对照,MRI
3、均发现梗塞灶而CT仅发现11例。结论高血压动脉硬化和糖尿病是小脑/脑T梗死的主要原因;诊断小脑/脑T•梗死MRI是首选方法;DWI和MRAW为小脑/脑干梗死诊断提供帮助;大血积小脑梗死患者早期外科手术有助于神经功能恢复,改善预后。【关键词】小脑;脑I:;梗死;磁共振成像;X线计算机断层扫描[Abstract]ObjectiveTostudytheclinicalandimagingdiagnosisdiagnosisvalueofcerebellumandbrainsteminfarction,andtodi
4、rectclinicaltherapy.MethodsTheclinicalandimagingexaminationdataof44patientswithcerebellarorbrainsteminfarctionwereanalyzedretrospectively.ResultsAmongthe44patients,25patientsaccompaniedwithhypertension,and6patientswithdiabetes.25caseswerecerebelluminfarctio
5、n,19caseswerebrainsteminfarction.Thesizeandshapeofinfarctionlesionsweremultiplicity.Thelesionsshowedisointensitysignal,hypointensitysignal,ormixedintensitysignalonT1WI.OnT2WIandFLAIRimages,mostlesionsshowedhyperintensitysignal,andfewofthelesionsshowedisoint
6、ensityorhypointensitysignal.ThelesionsshowedmarkedhighsignalonDWIimages・OnlyarterysclerosisappearancescanbeseenonMRAimages・15patientswereexecutedMRIandCTexaminationatthesametime,alllesionswerefoundbyMRI,only11lesionswerefoundbyCT.ConclusionHypertensionanddi
7、abeteswerethemaincauseofcerebellumandbrainsteminfarction.MRIwasthefirstchoiceforthediagnosisofcerebellumandbrainsteminfarction.DWIandMRAwerehelpfulforthediagnosisofcerebellumandbrainsteminfarction.Ifcerebellumandbrainsteminfarctionwerediagnosedearlycantakee
8、xpectanttreatment,andavoidsurgery.Surgicaltreatmentearlyisaneffectivesolutionforthepatientswithalargeareacerebellarinfarction,andtoimprovetheprognosis.[Keywords]cerebellum;brainstem;infarction;magneticresonanceimaging;X-raycomputedtomography小脑和脑干梗死并不少见,但山于临
9、床表现复杂多样且缺乏特异性,容易误诊、漏诊,文献报道小脑梗死的病死率可高达21.6%〜25%[1],脑干梗死的病死率可高达25.6%[2],因此早期诊断、早期治疗非常重要。自MRI应用于临床以來,小脑、脑干梗死的早期诊断己获满意效果,木文报告44例小脑/脑干梗死病例,探讨现代磁共振成像技术对小脑/脑干梗死的诊断价值。1资料与方法1.1一般资料冋顾分析我院2006年10月—2010年9月间