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ID:43836289
大小:361.50 KB
页数:24页
时间:2019-10-15
《鼓励出口措施1》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、ExportPromotionsandExportControlExportPromotionExportCreditThegovernmentoftheexportcountryauthorizeaspecialbanktoprovideitsexportersorimportersabroadwithpreferentialloans.2.ExportCreditGuaranteeSystemSeller’screditBuyer’scredit(TiedLoan)exporterExporter’sbankImpor
2、terImorter’sbankSeller’screditBuyer’screditBuyer’screditTheexporter’sbankprovideloanstothenation’sexporters.Theexporter’sbankprovideloanstoforeignbuyersorimporterbank.ExportSubsidy(出口补贴)出口补贴是由政府对该国的出口厂商或潜在的出口厂商的直接或间接资助,旨在降低本国厂商的出口成本,鼓励扩大本国产品的出口。Exportsubsidiesrefe
3、rtogovernmentpaymentsandotherextraordinaryfinancialsupportsprovidedtodomesticfirms.Thesesubsidieswillreducethecostofdomesticmanufacturesandexporterssoastoreducethepriceoftheexportingproductsandpromotetheircompetitivenessininternationalmarket.DirectSubsidyIndirectS
4、ubsidyAgreementonSubsidyandCountervailingMeasures(补贴与反补贴措施协定)三种补贴ProhibitedSubsidies(禁止性补贴)ActionableSubsidies(可申诉补贴)Non-actionableSubsidies(不可诉申补贴/绿色的补贴)Subsidieslinkeddirectlytoexportingareprohibited,exceptexportsubsidiesusedbythelowest-incomedevelopingcountries
5、.Example:Afirmreceivesataxbreakbasedontheamountthatitexports.Subsidiesthatarenotlinkeddirectlytoexportingbutstillhaveanimpactonexportsareactionable.Example:Low-pricedelectricityisprovidedtoassistproductionbylocalfirmsinanindustry,andsomeofthisproductionisexported.
6、Somesubsidiesarenon-actionable.Theseincludesubsidiesforresearchanddevelopment,assistancetodisadvantagedregions,andassistanceinmeetingenvironmentalregulations.4.CommodityDumpingCommoditydumpingmeanssellingcommodityatapricelowerthanthenormalvalue(orfairmarketvalue).
7、belowcostthesaleofacommodityatalowerpriceabroadthandomestically.Seasonaldumpingistheoccasionalsaleofacommodityatbelowcostoratalowerpriceabroadthandomesticallyinordertounloadanunforeseenandtemporarysurplusofthecommoditywithouthavingtoreducedomesticprices.Predatoryd
8、umpingisthetemporarysaleofacommodityatbelowcostoratalowerpriceabroadinordertodriveforeignproducersoutofbusiness,afterwhichpricesareraisedtotakeadvantage
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