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ID:42999614
大小:90.55 KB
页数:12页
时间:2019-09-21
《Foster JB - The Treadmill of Accumulation - Schnaiberg’s Environment and Marxian Political Economy》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ORGANIZATION&ENVIRONMENT/March2005Foster/TREADMILLOFACCUMULATION10.1177/1086026604270442THETREADMILLOFACCUMULATIONSchnaiberg’sEnvironmentandMarxianPoliticalEconomyJOHNBELLAMYFOSTERUniversityofOregonAllanSchnaiberg’s“treadmillofproduction”modelhasformedthesinglemostinfluentialframewor
2、kofanalysiswithinenvironmentalsociologyintheUnitedStates.Schnaiberg’sworkisoftencharacterizedas“neo-Marxist,”butitsactualrelationtoMarxianpoliticaleconomyhasbeenleftobscure.ThefollowingarticleexaminesMarx’streatmentofthetreadmillasthecrudesthistoricalexpressionofthecapitalistmodeofpr
3、oduction;therootsofSchnaiberg’sanalysisinBaranandSweezy’sconceptionofmonopolycapitalandGabrielKolko’sconceptionofpoliticalcapitalism;thelaterdivergenceofthetreadmillthe-oryandMarxianpoliticaleconomy;thedisappearanceoftheexplicitcritiqueofcapitalisminthejointworkofSchnaibergandKenneth
4、AlanGould;andthereconvergenceofthesetra-ditionsinthecurrentphaseofenvironmentalsociologycharacterizedbythedebatewithecologicalmodernization.Thetreadmillmodeldemonstratesthatthechoicebetweenbar-barismandcivilizationisnotsimplyaquestionoftheorganizationofthehumanrelationswithinsocietyb
5、utalsoaquestionoftheorganizationofthehumanrelationtotheenvironment.Keywords:Schnaiberg;Sweezy;treadmill;capitalism;environmentn1994,soonaftermybookTheVulnerablePlanet:AShortEconomicHis-ItoryoftheEnvironment(Foster,1994)appeared,Iwasinvitedtogiveakey-noteluncheonaddressto“Watersheds‘9
6、4,”aconferenceorganizedbytheEnvi-ronmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),Region10,tobeheldinSeptemberofthatyearinBellevue,Washington.Iwasencouragedtoprovidemyfullanalysisoftheecologicalcrisisanditssocialcauses,buttherewasonecatch:Iwascautionednottonamethesystem;allexplicitreferencestocapitali
7、smneededtobeleftout.Theconditionimposedonmecreatedadilemma.Myecologicalcritiqueneces-sarilyinvolvedacritiqueofthesystem.HowcouldIengageinsuchacritiquewith-outnamingit?CouldIevengivesuchatalk?Theanswercametomefairlyquickly:Icouldcallthesystem“thetreadmillofproduction”andusethatasadevi
8、cetobringout
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