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时间:2019-09-20
《Principles of Economics 6e by N. Gregory Mankiw - SM Chapter 03》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、Chapter3/InterdependenceandtheGainsfromTrade❖493INTERDEPENDENCEANDTHEGAINSFROMTRADEWHAT’SNEWINTHESIXTHEDITION:Therearenomajorchangestothischapter.LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:Bytheendofthischapter,studentsshouldunderstand:Øhoweveryonecanbenefitwhenpeopletradewithoneano
2、ther.Øthemeaningofabsoluteadvantageandcomparativeadvantage.Øhowcomparativeadvantageexplainsthegainsfromtrade.Øhowtoapplythetheoryofcomparativeadvantagetoeverydaylifeandnationalpolicy.CONTEXTANDPURPOSE:Chapter3isthethirdchapterinthethree-chaptersectionthatserv
3、esastheintroductionofthetext.Chapter1introducedtenfundamentalprinciplesofeconomics.Chapter2developedhoweconomistsapproachproblems.Thischaptershowshowpeopleandcountriesgainfromtrade(whichisoneofthetenprinciplesdiscussedinChapter1).ThepurposeofChapter3istodemon
4、stratehoweveryonecangainfromtrade.Tradeallowspeopletospecializeintheproductionofgoodsforwhichtheyhaveacomparativeadvantageandthentradeforgoodsthatotherpeopleproduce.Becauseofspecialization,totaloutputrises,andthroughtradeweareallabletoshareinthebounty.Thisisa
5、strueforcountriesasitisforindividuals.Becauseeveryonecangainfromtrade,restrictionsontradetendtoreducewelfare.KEYPOINTS:·Eachpersonconsumesgoodsandservicesproducedbymanyotherpeoplebothinourcountryandaroundtheworld.Interdependenceandtradearedesirablebecausethey
6、alloweveryonetoenjoyagreaterquantityandvarietyofgoodsandservices.©2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.Chapter3/InterdependenceandtheGainsfromTrade❖49·Therearetwowaystoco
7、mparetheabilityoftwopeopleinproducingagood.Thepersonwhocanproducethegoodwithasmallerquantityofinputsissaidtohaveanabsoluteadvantageinproducingthegood.Thepersonwhohasthesmalleropportunitycostofproducingthegoodissaidtohaveacomparativeadvantage.Thegainsfromtrade
8、arebasedoncomparativeadvantage,notabsoluteadvantage.·Trademakeseveryonebetteroffbecauseitallowspeopletospecializeinthoseactivitiesinwhichtheyhaveacomparativeadvantage.·Theprincipleofcompa
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