Principles of Economics 6e by N. Gregory Mankiw - SM Chapter 02

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1、Chapter2/ThinkingLikeanEconomist❖312wTHINKINGLIKEANECONOMISTWHAT’SNEWINTHESIXTHEDITION:TherearesomeupdatestotheFYI onWhoStudiesEconomics?ThereisanewIntheNewson“TheEconomicsofPresidentObama.”Table1hasbeenupdatedandexpanded.LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:Bytheendofthischapte

2、r,studentsshouldunderstand:Øhoweconomistsapplythemethodsofscience.Øhowassumptionsandmodelscanshedlightontheworld.Øtwosimplemodels—thecircularflowandtheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.Øthedifferencebetweenmicroeconomicsandmacroeconomics.Øthedifferencebetweenposi

3、tiveandnormativestatements.Øtheroleofeconomistsinmakingpolicy.Øwhyeconomistssometimesdisagreewithoneanother.CONTEXTANDPURPOSE:Chapter2isthesecondchapterinathreechaptersectionthatservesastheintroductionofthetext.Chapter1introducedtenprinciplesofeconomicsthatwill

4、berevisitedthroughoutthetext.Chapter2developshoweconomistsapproachproblemswhileChapter3willexplainhowindividualsandcountriesgainfromtrade.ThepurposeofChapter2istofamiliarizestudentswithhoweconomistsapproacheconomicproblems.Withpractice,theywilllearnhowtoapproac

5、hsimilarproblemsinthisdispassionatesystematicway.Theywillseehoweconomistsemploythescientificmethod,theroleofassumptionsinmodelbuilding,andtheapplicationoftwospecificeconomicmodels.Studentswillalsolearntheimportantdistinctionbetweentworoleseconomistscanplay:assc

6、ientistswhenwetrytoexplaintheeconomicworldandaspolicymakerswhenwetrytoimproveit.©2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbescanned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.Chapter2/ThinkingLikeanEconomist❖31KEYPOINTS:·Economis

7、tstrytoaddresstheirsubjectwithascientist’sobjectivity.Likeallscientists,theymakeappropriateassumptionsandbuildsimplifiedmodelsinordertounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Twosimpleeconomicmodelsarethecircular-flowdiagramandtheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.·Thefieldo

8、feconomicsisdividedintotwosubfields:microeconomicsandmacroeconomics.Microeconomistsstudydecisionmakingbyhouseholdsandfirmsandtheinteractionamonghouseholdsandfirmsinthemarket