健康心理学考试提纲

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1、1•healthpsychologyHPisdevotedtounderstandingpsychologicalinfluencesonhowpeoplestayhealthy,whytheybecomeill,andhowtheyrespondwhentheygetill.2.healthAcompletestateofphysical,mental,andsocialwell-beingandnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseandinfirmity.3.Whatarethefourfactorsledtothedevelopment

2、ofHealthPsychology?(1)changingpatternofillness(2)theincreaseinmedicalcosts(3)thechangingdefinitionofhealth(4)theemergenceofthebiopsychosocialmodel4.Themind-bodyrelationship(1)Thisistherelationshipbetweenahumanbodyanditsuniquemind.(2)Theoriesofthebody-mindrelationshipcanbedividedintot

3、wobroadcategories:MonisticandDualistictheories・5.Psychosomaticmedicine(1)Thefieldofinquiiythatsearchesforpsychologicaloremotionalcausesforillness.(2)Themindplaysanimportantroleinphysicalillness©Ulcers©essentialhypertension③Skindisorders©asthma6.Biopsychosocialmodel[BPS](1)Itsfundamen

4、talassumptionisthathealthandillnessareconsequencesoftheinterplayofbiological,psychological,andsocialfactors・BiologicalFactorsPsychologicalfactorsSocialfactorsGeneticsPersonalitySocialsupportPhysiologySelf-efficacyPovertyGenderPersonalcontrolEthnicbackgroundAgeOptimisticbiasVulnerabil

5、itytostressStressCulturalbeliefsImmunesystemCopingskillsLivingwithchronicNutritionDietillnessMedicationsRiskybehaviors,Adherencetomedicaladvice(2)AdvantagesofBPSmodel©Healthandillnessarecausedbymultiplefactorsandproducemultipleeffects・②Mindandbodycannotbedistinguished・©Emphasizesboth

6、healthandillness・(3)ClinicalimplicationsofBPSmodel©Diagnosis:considertheinteractingroleofbiological,psychological,andsocialfactorsinassessinganindividualshealthandillness(2)Treatment:examinethreesetsoffactors③Thesignificanceoftherelationshipbetweenpatientandpractitioner7.sevenhealthp

7、ractises(1)sleepingseventoeighthoursdaily(2)eatingbreakfastalmosteveryday(3)neverorrarelyeatingbetweenmeals(4)currentlybeingatornearprescribedheightadjustedweight(5)neversmokingcigarettes(6)moderateornouseofalcohol(7)regularphysicalactivity・&TheHealthBeliefModel[HBM](1)HBMisavalue-ex

8、pectancytheo