LabourmarketsandSocialPolicy劳动力市场和社会政策

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1、Split:March2006Lecture2:ModernisingorAmericanisingtheEuropeanSocialModelNickAdnettLECTUREOUTLINEIstheEuropeanSocialModelobsolete?OriginsWhatdoweknowaboutitseffects?DoweneedmoreflexiblelabourmarketsintheEU?DifferencesbetweenEUandUSemploymentregulationDifferencesinlabourmarketbehaviourandp

2、erformancebetweenEUandUSIstheEuropeanModelbeingAmericanised?Issue1:IstheEuropeanSocialModelObsolete?Insecond-halfofC20th:Fordisttechnology+solidaristicwagebargaining+IncreasedeconomicintegrationwageinterdependenceandwageconvergenceCompressedwagebargainingandallowedtrade-offsbetweensocia

3、lrightsandrealwageallowedlevelling-upofsocialprotectionAHISTORYOFSOCIALEUROPE?‘Fordism’/SocialCohesion↓EuropeanSocialModel↓‘Euro-sclerosis’/Neo-liberalism↓Deregulation/FlexibleLabourMarkets‘New’Economy/ThirdWay(s)↓RegulationforCompetitiveness(addressingthetrade-offsbetweeneconomicandsoci

4、alobjectives)Whicharetheharmfulregulations?Econometricstudiesfindthatemploymentprotection&representationalrightscanbepositivelyrelatedtosocialandeconomicperformanceStrongtradeunionswhenlinkedtoco-ordinatedbargainingnotharmfulHighunemploymentbenefitsoflong-durationareharmfulIssue2:DoWeNee

5、dMoreFlexibleEmployment?TypesofFlexibility;Numericalflexibilitygrowthofpart-time,temporaryandself-employmentFunctionalflexibilityflexiblespecialisationandeconomiesofscopeTemporalflexibilityesp.inservicesectorFlexibilityinthelocationofworkINCREASINGINTERNALANDEXTERNALFLEXIBILITYNumerical

6、&internalflexibility:extrahours&part-timers,flexibleworkingtimeNumerical&externalflexibility:temporarycontracts,sub-contracting,agencyworkersFunctional&internalflexibility:multi-tasking,internalmobilityFunctional&externalflexibility:consultants,out-sourcingspecifictasksFlexibilityinOE

7、CDLabourMarketsIncreasedneedforflexibility:GlobalisationTechnology/NewEconomy↑economicintegrationBUTinEU:Inter-regionalandinternationalmigrationlevelslowJobandworkerturnoverincreasingbutrelativelylowHighfirmandindustryspecificskillslimitinter-sectoralmobilityoflabourandin