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1、FreeRadicalBiology&Medicine,Vol.8,pp.293-303,19900891-5849/90$3.00+.00PrintedintheUSA.Allrightsreserved.©1990PergamonPressplc÷ReviewArticleOXIDATIVEMUSCULARINJURYANDITSRELEVANCETOHYPERTHYROIDISMKOHTAROASAYAMA*ANDKIYOHIKOKATODepartmentofPediatrics,YamanashiMed
2、icalCollege,I110Shimokato,Tamahocho,Nakakomagun,YamanashiPref.409-38,Japan(Received24October1989;RevisedandAccepted18December1989)Abstract--lnexperimentalhyperthyroidism,accelerationoflipidperoxidationoccursinheartandslow-oxidativemuscles,suggestingthecontrib
3、utionofreactiveoxygenspeciestothemuscularinjurycausedbythyroidhormones.Thisarticlereviewsvariousmodelsofoxidativemuscularinjuryandconsiderstherelevanceoftheaccompanyingmetabolicderangementstothyrotoxicmyopathyandcardiomyopathy,whicharethemajorcomplicationsofh
4、yperthyroidism.Themuscularinjurymodelsinwhichreactiveoxygenspeciesaresupposedtoplayaroleareischemia/reperfusionsyndrome,exercise-inducedmyopathy,heartandskeletalmusclediseasesrelatedtothenutritionaldeficiencyofseleniumandvitaminEandrelateddisorders,andgenetic
5、musculardystrophies.Thesemodelsprovideevidencethatmitochondrialfunctionandtheglutathione-dependentantioxidantsystemareim-portantforthemaintenanceofthestructuralandfunctionalintegrityofmusculartissues.Thyroidhormoneshaveaprofoundeffectonmitochondrialoxidativea
6、ctivity,synthesisanddegradationofproteinsandvitaminE,thesensitivityofthetissuestocatecholamine,thedifferentiationofmusclefibers,andthelevelsofantioxidantenzymes.Thelargevolumeofcircumstantialevidencepresentedhereindicatesthathyperthyroidmusculartissuesundergo
7、severalbiochemicalchangesthatpredisposethemtofreeradical-mediatedinjury.Keywords--Freeradical,Hyperthyroidism,Lipidperoxide,Superoxidedismutase,Glutathione,Mitochondria,Skeletalmuscle,Myocardium1.INTRODUCTIONchainreactionseventuallyleadingtooxidativedamagetob
8、iomembranelipidsandotherstructures.6Over90%oftheoxygenconsumedbyamammalisAlthoughmitochondriametabolizemostofthemo-utilizedinthemitochondria,andthereductionofmo-lecularoxygen,only15%ofthe
