The skeleton and muscular system and diseases

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1、TheskeletonandmuscularsystemanddiseasesconstitutionOsteology-boneAsaframeworkskeletonArthrology-articulationLocomotorAsanaxissystemMyology-muscleAsmotivationunderthecontrolofN.systemwiththebloodsupplyofcirculationsystem.Bonyandmuscularmarkingscanprovidethereferencefortheclin

2、icalpractice,acupuncture.OsteologyFunctionoftheboneSupport-(framework)thebodyProtection-forvitalstructures:brain,spinalcordBodymovement-muscleattachment-leverHemopoiesis-onlyredbonemarrow,supplyofnewbloodcells.Fatstorage-yellowbonemarrowMineralstorage-calcium,phosphoru

3、setc,magnesium,sodium,fluorine,strontium.Compactbone:hard&denseMatterFormationSpongybone:softandscatteredPeriosteumMembraneEndosteumBoneRedbonemarrow:hemopoiesisBonemarrowYellowbonemarrow:richinfatBloodvesselnutrienta,nutrientforamen,Longbones-Onebody,twoendsEpiphysis骺Epiphy

4、sealcartilage---lineMetaphysis干骺端Diaphysis-shaft-body干Articularsurface(cartilage)Medullarycavity髁窝管道窦粗隆ClassificationofbonesAccordingtopositionBonesofskull29Bonesoftrunk51AxialskeletonsBonesofthelimbs64u/62lAppendicularskeletoncranium-29parietalboneFrontalboneSphenoidboneTem

5、poralboneZygomaticboneOccipitalboneNasalboneMaxillaMandible•Cerebralcranium(8)–Singlebones:includefrontalboneethmoidbonesphenoidboneoccipitalbone–Pairedbones:includetemporalboneparietalbone•Bonesoffacialcranium(15)–Singlebones:includemandiblevomerhyoidbone–Pairedbones:includ

6、emaxillapalatinebonenasalbonelacrimalbonezygomaticboneinferiornasalconchatrunk-51Vertebrae26Cervical7Thoracic12Lumbar5Sacrum1Coccyx1Sternum1Rib24ArthrologyClassificationofjointsAccordingtoFibrousjointWhethertomoveSynarthrosisContinuousUnmovableCartilaginousjointDiarthrosis

7、SynovialjointsDiscontinuousMovableUniaxialjointsBiaxialjointsMultiaxialjointsSynarthrosis-FibrousjointContinuousFeature:WithoutcavityAlittleornomovementserraturesutureInterspinallig19SuturesGomphosesSyndesmosesSynarthrosis-CartilaginousjointsContinuousThebonesareunitedby

8、cartilageSynchondrosisbyhyalinecartilageSymphysisbyfibrouscartilageepiphyse